The Influence of Mode of Delivery on Hematologic Values in the Umbilical Vein

Nikischin, Werner; Peter, Michael; Oldigs, Hans Dieter

doi:10.1159/000291831

Cited by 35 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…These results are in agreement with the research that has documented a MCV decrease and RDW increase during ontogeny from fetuses to newborn infants [4]. In agreement with Nikishin et al [5], we could not find any effect of type of birth on hematologic parameters.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Complete Blood Cell Counts in Capillary and Venous Blood of Healthy Term Newborns

Özbek¹,

Gürakan²,

Kayıran³

2000

Acta Haematol

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Complete Blood Cell Counts in Capillary and Venous Blood of Healthy Term Newborns

Özbek¹,

Gürakan²,

Kayıran³

2000

Acta Haematol

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“…Our fully adjusted regression models confirms this subjectivity of the Apgar scores since the independent effect of these scores declined severely and the effects of umbilical cord blood pH, an objective method for hypoxia, remained on most of the major lymphocyte subsets. A previous study found an inverse association between the number of leukocytes and umbilical cord blood pH (9). In this study, the effects of cord blood pH on the various leukocyte subtypes were not explored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Perinatal Stress Influences Lymphocyte Subset Counts in Neonates. The Generation R Study

et al. 2008

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ABSTRACT:In the general population, it is unknown whether stress-related perinatal factors influence lymphocyte subset counts in neonates. The aim of this study was to assess the associations of perinatal factors related to stress and hypoxia (mode of delivery, Apgar scores, and umbilical cord blood pH) with absolute lymphocyte subset counts (T, B, NK, helper T, cytotoxic T, naïve, memory T) in cord blood of 571 neonates. This study was embedded in a population-based prospective cohort study from fetal life onwards. All models were adjusted for gestational age, birth weight, gender, maternal fever, and each of the other perinatal stress-relating factors. Our results showed that increasing stress-related mode of delivery was positively associated with NK and memory T-lymphocyte subset counts (all p Ͻ 0.01). Effects of Apgar scores on lymphocyte subsets were explained by umbilical cord blood pH. Lower umbilical cord blood pH was associated with higher B, NK, and memory Tlymphocyte counts (all p Ͻ 0.05). Effects of mode of delivery and umbilical cord blood pH on other lymphocyte subsets were not observed. We conclude that, in the general population, lymphocyte subset counts in neonates increase with increasing stress-and hypoxia-related perinatal factors. T he immunologic status of the neonate is frequently established by assessing absolute numbers of various lymphocyte subsets in cord blood (1-4). However, such data at birth must be interpreted with care since the lymphocyte subset counts might be influenced by growth, stress, and hypoxia related events that occur in late prenatal and early postnatal life. It has been suggested that the distribution of lymphocyte subsets is related to gestational age at birth and birth weight (5-8). It is not well known whether other perinatal factors associated with fetal well-being, stress and hypoxia, including mode of delivery, Apgar scores, or umbilical cord blood pH, influence the various lymphocyte subset counts at birth.So far, studies on mode of delivery and lymphocyte subsets remain inconclusive. This might be due to small study populations, the variability of lymphocyte subsets studied, or not taking other possible influencing factors into account (5,6,9 -16). Results of the majority of these studies suggested a tendency toward increased lymphocyte subset counts in neonates born by vaginal delivery compared with neonates born by caesarean delivery (9 -11,13-16). The endocrine-metabolic variations during a stressful delivery, particularly hypoxia and the increase of catecholamines and cortisol, were considered as the main cause of these effects (17-19). Additionally to this stress concept, adverse Apgar scores and umbilical cord blood pH, both results of perinatal hypoxia, are thought to influence lymphocyte subset counts at birth (9,20 -22).We examined in 571 neonates participating in a populationbased prospective cohort study, the associations of perinatal factors related to stress and hypoxia, including mode of delivery, Apgar scores, and umbilical cord blood pH with ...

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“…Cord blood samples had mean WBC counts of 14.6 × 10 9 /l (83 term newborns without signs of infection; Unipath Cell-Dyn 1300) [16]and 13.8 × 10 9 /l (55 newborns; Coulter Stacker) [15]after spontaneous vaginal delivery, compared to 14.1 × 10 9 /l (n = 110) in our population. In all studies, WBC counts tended to be lower after caesarean sections, and higher after vaginal surgical deliveries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete Blood Counts from Umbilical Cords of Healthy Term Newborns by Two Automated Cytometers

Walka¹,

Sonntag²,

Kage³

et al. 1998

Acta Haematol

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Complete blood counts (CBC) of umbilical cord blood from 123 healthy term newborns were simultaneously performed with two different cytometers using laser as a light source. Medians (95% range) were: WBC 14.2 (7.8–24.3) × 10⁹/l, platelets 265 (174–363) × 10⁹/l, Hb 15.7 (12.5–18.2) g/dl, RBC 4.6 (3.9–5.5) × 10¹²/l, MCV 106 (95–113) fl, PCV 0.49 (0.40–0.56), and MCH 33.8 (30.3–36.4) pg. Reticulocytes were 149 (95–212) × 10⁹/l or 3.3 (2.0–4.7)%; erythroblasts 5 (0–24) per 100 WBC or 0.53 (0.00–3.20) × 10⁹/l. The counters agreed well except for MCHC. WBC counts showed the smallest difference irrespective of erythroblast number; platelets showed the largest difference. The lower limit for normal Hb should be fixed at 12.5 g/dl for the adequate diagnosis of anaemia from cord blood of term newborns.

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The Influence of Mode of Delivery on Hematologic Values in the Umbilical Vein

Cited by 35 publications

References 2 publications

Complete Blood Cell Counts in Capillary and Venous Blood of Healthy Term Newborns

Complete Blood Cell Counts in Capillary and Venous Blood of Healthy Term Newborns

Perinatal Stress Influences Lymphocyte Subset Counts in Neonates. The Generation R Study

Complete Blood Counts from Umbilical Cords of Healthy Term Newborns by Two Automated Cytometers

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