The influence of modified soybean oil as processing aids in tire application

Siriwong, Chomsri; Khansawai, Paveena; Boonchiangma, Suthasinee; Sirisinha, Chakrit; Sae‐Oui, Pongdhorn

doi:10.1007/s00289-020-03296-z

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Wet grip index is directly proportional to the value of tan δ at 0°C (when measured at relatively low dynamic strain, say 0.1%, see Figure 6a,b while rolling resistance is proportional to the value of tan δ at 60°C (when measured at relatively high dynamic strains, say ≥1% (see Figure 6c,d). 70–73 Clearly, the results in Table 4 reveal that the tan δ values at 0°C of all rubber samples fall in the narrow range between 0.09 and 0.11, indicating the independence of wet grip index on type and content of ZnO. The tan δ values at 60°C which are indicative of rolling resistance, on the other hand, decrease noticeably with increasing ZnO content from 1 (0.28) to 2 phr (0.25).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Fabrication of zinc oxide‐coated microcrystalline cellulose and its application in truck tire tread compounds

Boopasiri

Thaptong

Sae‐Oui

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The severe threat to aquatic environment from zinc oxide (ZnO) in tread debris has become a serious issue for tire manufacturers. Various attempts including the utilization of composite ZnO have therefore been made to reduce ZnO content in tread compounds. In this study, a new composite ZnO was prepared by depositing ZnO nanoparticles on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) through hydrothermal reactions, called M-ZnO. After characterization by various techniques, cure activation efficiency of M-ZnO in truck tire tread compound was investigated and compared with that of active ZnO (A-ZnO).The results showed that M-ZnO contained approximately 66.7% w/w of ZnO and had comparable specific surface area to A-ZnO. Regardless of the ZnO type, crosslink density increased with increasing ZnO content up to 3 phr leading to the improved mechanical properties of the rubber vulcanizates, that is, hardness, modulus, and abrasion resistance. Tensile and tear strengths, however, were found maximum at 2 phr of both A-ZnO and M-ZnO. Although wet grip index was independent of ZnO content, rolling resistance tended to reduce with increasing ZnO content. The results clearly show the great potential of utilizing M-ZnO to replace conventional A-ZnO in tread compounds when more stringent environmental regulations are imposed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Permanent set values of the test specimens after the HBU test relatively high dynamic strains, say ≥1% (see Figure6c, d) [70][71][72][73]. Clearly, the results in Table4reveal that the tan δ values at 0 C of all rubber samples fall in the narrow range between 0.09 and 0.11, indicating the independence of wet grip index on type and content of ZnO.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fabrication of zinc oxide‐coated microcrystalline cellulose and its application in truck tire tread compounds

Boopasiri

Thaptong

Sae‐Oui

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Hence, the extent of the filler-filler interaction depends not only on the filler dispersion level but also on the plasticizer type and concentration. 63 Here the hydrophilic ZnO acts as a CB filler solubilizer, enhancing the dispersion of these filler particles in the rubber matrix. The N2BB had the lower particle size NZnO thereby improving the reactivity and filler-filler interaction.…”

Section: Payne Effect Interpretation Of Sbr-nr Blends With Various Zn...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of active, nano, and functionalized zinc oxide particles on the mechanical, cytotoxicity, and thermal stability of carbon black filled SBR/NR blends

Sreethu

Jana

et al. 2023

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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This study examines the viability of functionalized, nano, and active zinc oxide (ZnO) as an alternative activator in styrene butadiene rubber–natural rubber (SBR–NR) blends filled with carbon black. Concerns about the environmental impact and toxicity of Zn leaching into aquatic organisms necessitate reducing the amount of ZnO in rubber compounding. The mechanical properties, crosslink density, and thermal and morphological qualities of the SBR/NR blends made with these ZnO (F2BB, N2BB, and A2BB) were studied and compared to conventional ZnO loaded blend (C5BB). Thermal stability was evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis and temperature scanning stress relaxation. A2BB showed the highest thermal stability, while F2BB exhibited a 35% increase in tensile strength and a 28% increase in elongation at break due to polysulfide linkages. N2BB and A2BB increased tensile strength by 28 and 16% compared to C5BB. Cytotoxicity of various ZnO concentrations on HT‐22 hippocampal cells was investigated, and active and nano ZnO were found to be less toxic. Using active and nano ZnO can improve the mechanical and thermal properties of the blend while reducing environmental toxicity, allowing for a 60% reduction in ZnO concentration in rubber compounds and resulting in cost savings and a sustainable alternative to conventional ZnO.

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“…With climate change increasingly tangible, the sustainability of industrial production is emphasized more than ever. , For example, silica, a reinforcing filler frequently used in the manufacturing of tires, is now partially produced from rice husks. , Similarly, it has recently been shown that vegetable oils such as soybean oil (SBO) are promising alternatives to conventional rubber processing aids such as treated distillate aromatic extracts (TDAEs). − Chemically modified SBOs can be synthesized through the controlled epoxidation of SBO. − The use of vegetable oils provides many benefits. For example, vegetable oils are generally recognized for their attractive safety profile related to humans, animals, and the environment ,− and for reducing our dependence on petroleum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiquantitative Solid-State NMR Study of the Adsorption of Soybean Oils on Silica and Its Significance for Rubber Processing

et al. 2021

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Soybean oil (SBO) is a renewable material used as an alternative to conventional petroleum-derived oils in the processing of rubber composites. Upon chemical modifications, such as epoxidation, its performance in the processing of rubber can be significantly improved, as indicated by a considerable reduction of the mixing energy. Although it has been hypothesized that hydrogen bonding between functional groups (e.g., epoxy) of SBOs and silanols present on the silica surface plays a key role, there is still a lack of direct evidence supporting this hypothesis. In this work, it is demonstrated that there is an overall correlation between the epoxy concentration of SBOs and the mixing energy, consistent with the long-held hypothesis. In particular, a correlation between the SBO–silica adsorption affinity and the degree of epoxidation is revealed by a set of surface-selective solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) experiments. In addition, the surface-selective ssNMR technique demonstrated in this work could also be used to evaluate the adsorption affinity of other oils and/or additives more broadly.

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The influence of modified soybean oil as processing aids in tire application

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Fabrication of zinc oxide‐coated microcrystalline cellulose and its application in truck tire tread compounds

Fabrication of zinc oxide‐coated microcrystalline cellulose and its application in truck tire tread compounds

Influence of active, nano, and functionalized zinc oxide particles on the mechanical, cytotoxicity, and thermal stability of carbon black filled SBR/NR blends

Semiquantitative Solid-State NMR Study of the Adsorption of Soybean Oils on Silica and Its Significance for Rubber Processing

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