The influence of slow release PVC resin pheromone formulations on the mating behaviour and control of the cotton bollworm complex (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae and Noctuidae) in Pakistan

Abstract

Comparisons of infestation and damage levels by the cotton bollworms, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), Earias vittella (Fabricius) and E. insulana (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were made in cotton fields treated with pheromones + insecticide, insecticides only, and untreated control plots, in Pakistan during the 1991 cotton season. Early to mid season control of these three pests by mating disruption in the pheromone + insecticide treated plots meant that an average reduction of 3.5 applications of insecticides was achieved when compared with the insecticide only treated plots to control the cotton pest complex. Night observations showed that there were far fewer adult moths visible in the pheromone + insecticide treated plots than in insecticide only treated plots. Adults of both sexes were much less active and did not mate as frequently as adults in the insecticide only plots.

Efficacy of Different Sex Pheromone Traps for Monitoring and Control of Pink Bollworm {Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) Gelechlidae: Lepidoptera}

“…However it is not possible to bring infestation to zero level at high pest pressure, as the mated females are likely to enter in the pheromone treated area. The results are similar to those of Shorey et al (1974) and Staten et al (1987) in the U.S.A. and in Egypt reported by Critchley et al (1983Critchley et al ( , 1985, Campion et al (1989), El-Adl et al (1988), McVeigh et al (1983) and Moawad et al (1991) and in Pakistan by Attique (1985), Qureshi and Ahmed (1989) and Chamberlain et al (1993). At present farmers have not adopted because it is species specific and they have to spray for Earias species and Helicoverpa even if pheromone have been used.…”

Mating disruption for the control of the olive moth, Prays oleae (Bern) (Lep., Yponomeutidae) with the ajor sex pheromone component

“…Recently, with the development of slow release formulation technology sex pheromones have been used successfully in mating disruption trials for the suppression of the population in many lepidopterous species (PFEIFFER et al, 1993a,b;CHAMBERLAIN et al, 1993;TRIMBLE, 1993;DELANDet al, 1994;HULME and GRAY, 1994;PREE et al, 1994;CARDE and MINKS, 1995;FELLAND et al, 1995).…”

Control of the yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas by mating disruption with a PVC resin formulation of the sex pheromone of Chilo suppressalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in India

“…The formulation was subsequently modified and shown to be capable of releasing a wide range of lepidopterous pheromone components over sufficient time periods to be of use in controlling insect pests by mating disruption (Cork et al, 1989;Cork, 1992). The formulation is now produced on a commercial scale by Agrisense-BCS (UK) and has found application in the control of the cotton bollworms, Pectinophom gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), Earias insulana (Boisduval) and E. vittella Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan (Chamberlain et al, 1993) and the striped rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), in Spain (Hall et al, 1990). The C. suppressalis pheromone formulation is now applied commercially under the trade name of Selibate CS on up to 4000 ha of rice annually in Spain (Casagrande, 1993).…”