The influence of smartphone use on spinal posture – A laboratory study

Betsch, Marcel; Kalbhen, Kyra; Michalik, Roman; Schenker, Hanno; Gatz, Matthias; Quack, Valentin; Siebers, Hannah Lena; Wild, Michael; Migliorini, Filippo

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.02.018

Cited by 37 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…It has been reported that muscle activity and muscle fatigue of the neck extensors increase as the flexion angle of the neck increases during smartphone use [4,5]. A study on the spinal posture during smartphone use in a standing posture showed that thoracic kyphosis and trunk inclination increased during all tasks [6]. In a review study on smartphone use, it was found that neck flexion angle increased more in the sitting posture than in the standing posture, and the use of a smartphone could cause musculoskeletal pain [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Each vertebra of the spine is a separate structure but is connected by a kinematic chain from the neck to the sacrum; thus, the use of smartphones in various postures either increases head flexion or changes the alignment of the thoracic and lumbar spine [6]. However, most studies examining the effects of smartphone use on the human body have focused on the neck, and there are still few studies that have investigated the effects of smartphone use on the changes in other vertebrae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spinal and Pelvic Alignment of Sitting Posture Associated with Smartphone Use in Adolescents with Low Back Pain

Jung

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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This study aimed to assess the association between smartphone use in the sitting posture and changes in thoracolumbar kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, and pelvic asymmetry in adolescents with low back pain (LBP). Twenty-five adolescents with LBP and 25 healthy adolescents participated in this study. They were instructed to sit on a height-adjustable chair with their hips and knees bent at 90° for 30 min in their usual sitting postures. Thoracolumbar kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, and pelvic asymmetry were measured using a three-dimensional motion capture system. Thoracolumbar kyphosis and lumbar lordosis increased after 30 min of sitting compared to the baseline. In both groups, thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis angle increased with increasing sitting time. Compared to healthy adolescents, adolescents with LBP presented greater thoracolumbar kyphosis and lumbar lordosis after prolonged sitting. Pelvic asymmetry showed no significant difference between the sitting time and groups. Using a smartphone during prolonged sitting may lead to a slumped posture; these associations were more pronounced in adolescents with LBP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal and Pelvic Alignment of Sitting Posture Associated with Smartphone Use in Adolescents with Low Back Pain

Jung

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…The results show that the routine use of a smartphone while walking could be a risk for low back pain and musculoskeletal disorders ( Choi et al, 2021 ). Betsch et al (2021) investigated that the excessive smartphone use can lead to major changes in the spinal posture, such as increased trunk inclination and thoracic kyphosis while standing and walking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the use of smartphone while walking on the electromyography activity of the lower extremity in young students

Lee¹,

Jeon²

2021

J Exerc Rehabil

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The study aims to determine the effects of smartphone use on the muscle activity of the lower extremity when walking. Twenty-three healthy young students were asked to perform a 10-m walk test between normal walking without using a smartphone and walking while two-handed texting on a smartphone. The electromyography activities of the lower extremity were quantified. To quantitatively assess the cervical flexion range of smartphone users, the cervical flexion angle was measured using a digital goniometer. The study results indicated that the use of a smartphone while walking could lessen muscle activity on the tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, gluteus maximus, and gluteus medius than that of normal walking without using a smartphone. The walking speeds were reduced in walking while using a smartphone compared with normal walking without using a smartphone. The cervical flexion angle was greater when walking while using a smartphone compared to that of normal walking without using a smartphone. These results suggest that frequently using a smartphone while walking could be a potential risk for musculoskeletal problems.

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“…Varus malalignment affects the ability of a person to walk for extended times due to fatigue, and as time passes, the weight of the knee joint is concentrated unevenly, shortening the life span of the joint [9,10]. These symptoms The Asian Journal of Kinesiology | Asian J Kinesiol 2021; 23(3): [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] . DOI: https://doi.org/10.15758/ajk.2021.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Posture malalignment is increasing due to extended sitting periods, the use of smart phones and a general lack of physical activity [25] and this reduces core stability which leads to postural misalignments, such as genu varum [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Biomechanical Analysis of the Effect of Pilates Exercise on Female College Students with Knee Joint Deformity

et al. 2021

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BACKGROUND Current research on genu varum shows the favorable influence of exercise on the biomechanics of the knee joint by reducing the static malalignment and mechanical imbalances, however the transference to a more optimum gait has not been investigated.OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of Pilates exercise on the changes of gait and lower limb malalignment in female students with genu varum.METHODS A total of 23 female college students with verified genu varum participated in this study. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups a Pilates exercise group (n=15) and a control group (n=8). The Pilates exercise group participated in 1 hour Pilates exercise 3 times per week for a total of 10 weeks. Each of the participants had an X-ray and performed gait 5 times before and after the exercise treatment. The participants kinetic and kinematic data were gathered using an eight Vicon Motion camera system and two force platforms.RESULTS For the Pilates group gait their maximum extension and internal rotation knee moment, and maximum adduction and internal rotation hip moment significantly increased, while the maximum knee moment flexion decreased. For the control group gait their maximum hip extension and hip adduction moment significantly decreased. For the Pilates group there was a significant reduction in the distance from the anatomical axis to the weight bearing line in the left leg, but there was no significant change for the control group.CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that Pilates exercise may be beneficial for females with genu varum by helping to improve both their static alignment and helping their gait to become more balanced.

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The influence of smartphone use on spinal posture – A laboratory study

Cited by 37 publications

References 43 publications

Spinal and Pelvic Alignment of Sitting Posture Associated with Smartphone Use in Adolescents with Low Back Pain

Spinal and Pelvic Alignment of Sitting Posture Associated with Smartphone Use in Adolescents with Low Back Pain

The effect of the use of smartphone while walking on the electromyography activity of the lower extremity in young students

A Biomechanical Analysis of the Effect of Pilates Exercise on Female College Students with Knee Joint Deformity

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