The influence of soil moisture anomalies on variability of the North American Monsoon System

Small, E. E.

doi:10.1029/2000gl011652

Cited by 87 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The sensitivity found in this study is greater than that found in a similar study by Small (2001), which investigated the effect of artificial soilmoisture anomalies on tropospheric ridge structure and regional precipitation patterns during the NAM. Small (2001) reported changes in regional precipitation patterns on the order of 20%. In the present study, differences in precipitation are several hundreds of percent in some basins.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

Hydrometeorological Response of the Modeled North American Monsoon to Convective Parameterization

2003

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This paper describes the second part of a study to document the sensitivity of the modeled regional moisture flux patterns and hydrometeorological response of the North American monsoon system (NAMS) to convective parameterization. Use of the convective parameterization schemes of Betts-Miller-Janjic, Kain-Fritsch, and Grell was investigated during the initial phase of the 1999 NAMS using version 3.4 of the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU-NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5) running in a pseudoclimate mode. Substantial differences in both the stationary and transient components of the moisture flux fields were found between the simulations, resulting in differences in moisture convergence patterns, precipitation, and surface evapotranspiration. Basin-average calculations of hydrologic variables indicate that, in most of the basins for which calculations were made, the magnitude of the evaporation-minus-precipitation moisture source/sink differs substantially between simulations and, in some cases, even the sign of the source/ sink changed. There are substantial differences in rainfall-runoff processes because the basin-average rainfall intensities, proportion of rainfall from convective origin, and the runoff coefficients differ between simulations. The results indicate that, in regions of sustained, deep convection, the selection of the subgrid convective parameterization in a high-resolution atmospheric model can potentially have a hydrometeorological impact in regional analyses, which is at least as important as the effect of land surface forcing.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

Hydrometeorological Response of the Modeled North American Monsoon to Convective Parameterization

2003

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“…In contrast, a positive feedback mechanism is found in a large region extending from northwestern Mexico to the southwestern United States (Small, 2001;. Bosilovich et al (2003) conclude in their study with water vapour tracers that the wettest monsoons have mostly continental sources, while drier monsoons have less local sources of precipitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Recycling of moisture in Europe: contribution of evaporation to variability in very wet and dry years

Bisselink¹,

Dolman²

2009

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Evaporation is a key parameter in the regional atmospheric water cycle. Precipitation recycling is defined as the contribution of water that evaporates from a region to precipitation within the same region. We apply a dynamic precipitation recycling model, which includes a dynamic moisture storage term, to calculate the warm season variability of the precipitation recycling over central Europe at a daily time scale for 2003 (dry) and 2006 (wet).

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“…As a result, prior studies have explored whether the NAM region in the southwestern U.S. and northwest Mexico exhibits a feedback mechanism between the land surface states and the atmospheric conditions leading to precipitation generation. For instance, a positive soil moisture-precipitation feedback has been identified using regional climate models (e.g., Small, 2001;Xu et al, 2004;Vivoni et al, 2009). Using a global model, Feng et al (2013) found that a positive soil moisture-precipitation feedback was limited to the northern (more arid) sections of the NAM region, while a negative feedback was apparent in more southerly (tropical) areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of initial soil moisture and vegetation conditions on monsoon precipitation events in northwest México

Xiang

Vivoni

Gochis

2018

Atm

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RESUMENLas condiciones de la superficie del suelo, incluyendo el estado de la humedad y la vegetación, desempeñan funciones importantes en el desarrollo de la capa límite diurna y la formación de precipitación convectiva. En áreas con fases estacionales de radiación y precipitación, tales como la región del monzón de Norteamérica (NAM, por sus siglas en inglés), es difícil ofrecer un diagnóstico de la contribución de cada fenómeno por separado, dada la concurrencia de humedad del suelo elevada y el reverdecimiento de la vegetación durante la temporada cálida. En el presente estudio, se utilizó el sistema de modelación WRF-Hydro para simular las interacciones entre la superficie del suelo y la atmósfera en una amplia cuenca del noroeste de México sujeta a la influencia del NAM. Después de comparar las simulaciones acopladas con un producto de reanálisis con corrección de sesgo correspondiente a dos periodos de verano en 2014 y 2013, se llevó a cabo una serie de experimentos de modelación a escala de tormenta que modifican de forma independiente las condiciones iniciales de humedad del suelo y vegetación. Los resultados muestran que las anomalías de ambas variables pueden favorecer la precipitación convectiva, aunque su influencia en el desarrollo de la capa límite es diverso. Posteriormente se hizo un diagnóstico de los mecanismos suelo-atmósfera mediante los cuales los estados de humedad del suelo favorecen la precipitación convectiva. En presencia de anomalías importantes de la superficie del suelo, como humedad inicial igual a la capacidad de campo o el estado máximo de verdor de la vegetación, la precipitación acumulada (48 h) a escala de tormenta puede incrementarse hasta 26 mm. Como resultado, los avances en la forma en que pueden inicializarse las condiciones de la superficie del suelo, ya sea mediante percepción remota o a través de una red de sensores, es fundamental para mejorar los sistemas de pronóstico de precipitaciones en la región del NAM. ABSTRACTLand surface conditions including soil moisture and vegetation states are expected to play important roles in the development of the daytime boundary layer and the formation of convective precipitation. For areas with an in-phase seasonality of radiation and precipitation, such as the North American Monsoon (NAM) region, diagnosing the direct contributions of each effect is difficult given the co-occurrence of high soil moisture and vegetation greening during the warm season. In this study, we use the WRF-Hydro modeling system to simulate the interactions between the land surface and atmosphere within a large watershed in northwest México subject to the influence of the NAM. After testing the coupled simulations against a bias-corrected reanalysis product for two summer periods in 2004 and 2013, we conduct a series of storm-scale modeling experiments that separately vary the initial soil moisture and vegetation conditions. Results reveal that both soil moisture and vegetation anomalies can positively affect convective precipitation, although their influe...

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The influence of soil moisture anomalies on variability of the North American Monsoon System

Cited by 87 publications

References 11 publications

Hydrometeorological Response of the Modeled North American Monsoon to Convective Parameterization

Hydrometeorological Response of the Modeled North American Monsoon to Convective Parameterization

Recycling of moisture in Europe: contribution of evaporation to variability in very wet and dry years

Influence of initial soil moisture and vegetation conditions on monsoon precipitation events in northwest México

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