The Influence of Strontium on Bone Tissue Metabolism and Its Application in Osteoporosis Treatment

Kołodziejska, Barbara; Stępień, Natalia; Kolmas, Joanna

doi:10.3390/ijms22126564

Cited by 166 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Osteoclasts mainly play the role of bone resorption, whereas osteoblasts mainly play the role of bone reconstruction, such as the formation, mineralization, and secretion of osteocytes. They mutually restrict and balance the metabolism of bone tissues [ 71 , 72 ]. Song et al found that FA complementation group D2 (FANCD2) suppresses erastin-induced ferroptosis in bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and FANCD2 reduces iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation in ferroptosis [ 73 ].…”

Section: Mechanisms and Regulation Of Ferroptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferroptosis: A New Regulatory Mechanism in Osteoporosis

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Osteoporosis can be caused by a multitude of factors and is defined by a decrease in bone density and mass caused by the destruction of bone microstructure, resulting in increased bone brittleness. Thus, it is a systemic bone disease in which patients are prone to fracture. The role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis has become a topic of growing interest. In this review, we discuss the cell morphology, basic mechanisms of ferroptosis, the relationship between ferroptosis and osteoclasts and osteoblasts, as well as the relationship between ferroptosis and diabetic osteoporosis, steroid-induced osteoporosis, and postmenopausal osteoporosis. Emerging biomedical research has provided new insights into the roles of ferroptosis and osteoporosis, such as in cellular function, signaling pathways, drug inhibition, and gene silencing. The pathophysiology and mechanism of ferroptosis and osteoporosis need to be further studied and elucidated to broaden our understanding of iron metabolism and immune regulation. Studies using animal models of osteoporosis in vivo and cell models in vitro will help clarify the relationship between ferroptosis and osteoporosis and provide research ideas for the elucidation of new mechanisms and development of new technologies and new drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis in the future.

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Section: Mechanisms and Regulation Of Ferroptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferroptosis: A New Regulatory Mechanism in Osteoporosis

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…The CaSR binds to several physiological ligands, including Ca and Mg cations, L-aminoacids, polyamines and γ-glutamyl peptides such as glutathione [ 33 ]. The role of this receptor is to maintain Ca homeostasis in our body reacting to small variations of the Ca ion concentrations and activating the restoration of normal levels [ 15 ].…”

Section: Calcium-sensing Receptors and Strontium Bindingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sr has a great affinity for bone and, due to the physical and chemical similarity to Ca, the interaction and incorporation of Sr in the bone tissue are similar to what happens for Ca [ 15 ]. Sr retention occurs in three compartments: plasma and extracellular fluids, soft tissues, and skeleton.…”

Section: Incorporation Of Strontium In Bone Tissue and Factors Influe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, an alternative route for the administration of Sr has to be considered to minimize the side effects associated with oral intake. The local delivery of Sr by functionalization of the implantable biomaterials resulted in an interesting alternative [ 15 ]. Indeed, some authors reported that Sr-enriched biomaterials lead to better results than Sr-free counterparts, as observed both in vitro and in vivo: Sr (i) improves cell viability of osteogenic lineage cells, (ii) enhances the expression of osteogenic markers, (iii) stimulates new bone tissue formation when materials are implanted in vivo [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strontium Functionalization of Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering Purposes: A Biological Point of View

et al. 2022

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Strontium (Sr) is a trace element taken with nutrition and found in bone in close connection to native hydroxyapatite. Sr is involved in a dual mechanism of coupling the stimulation of bone formation with the inhibition of bone resorption, as reported in the literature. Interest in studying Sr has increased in the last decades due to the development of strontium ranelate (SrRan), an orally active agent acting as an anti-osteoporosis drug. However, the use of SrRan was subjected to some limitations starting from 2014 due to its negative side effects on the cardiac safety of patients. In this scenario, an interesting perspective for the administration of Sr is the introduction of Sr ions in biomaterials for bone tissue engineering (BTE) applications. This strategy has attracted attention thanks to its positive effects on bone formation, alongside the reduction of osteoclast activity, proven by in vitro and in vivo studies. The purpose of this review is to go through the classes of biomaterials most commonly used in BTE and functionalized with Sr, i.e., calcium phosphate ceramics, bioactive glasses, metal-based materials, and polymers. The works discussed in this review were selected as representative for each type of the above-mentioned categories, and the biological evaluation in vitro and/or in vivo was the main criterion for selection. The encouraging results collected from the in vitro and in vivo biological evaluations are outlined to highlight the potential applications of materials’ functionalization with Sr as an osteopromoting dopant in BTE.

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“…Sci. 2021, 11, 9723 2 of 10 and bone mechanical properties [6,7]. Incorporating these elements into hydroxyapatite (HA) has therefore long appeared as an appealing strategy to increase HA resorbability and improve tissue responses to implantable materials, following a biomimetic approach [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Sintered Porous Scaffolds of Mg,Sr Co-Substituted Hydroxyapatite Support Growth and Differentiation of Primary Human Osteoblasts In Vitro

et al. 2021

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Strontium (Sr) and Magnesium (Mg) are bioactive ions that have been proven to exert a beneficial effect on bone; therefore, their incorporation into bone substitutes has long been viewed as a possible approach to improve tissue integration. However, the thermal instability of Mg-substituted hydroxyapatites has hitherto limited development. We previously described the creation of thermally consolidated porous constructs of Mg,Sr co-substituted apatites with adequate mechanical properties for their clinical use. The present paper describes the biocompatibility of Mg,Sr co-substituted granules using an alveolar-bone-derived primary model of human osteoblasts. Cells were cultured in the presence of different amounts of hydroxyapatite (HA), Sr-substituted HA, or MgSrHA porous macrogranules (with a size of 400–600 microns, obtained by grinding and sieving the sintered scaffolds) for three and seven days, and their viability was measured by a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Protein content was measured using the Lowry assay at the same time points. Cell viability was not impaired by any of the tested compounds. Indirect and direct biocompatibility of these macrogranules was assessed by culturing cells in a previously conditioned medium with HA, SrHA, or MgSrHA, or in the presence of material granules. Osteoblasts formed larger and more numerous nodules around SrHA or MgSrHA granules. Furthermore, cell differentiation was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase staining of primary cells cultured in the presence of HA, SrHA, or MgSrHA granules, confirming the increased osteoconductivity of the doped materials.

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The Influence of Strontium on Bone Tissue Metabolism and Its Application in Osteoporosis Treatment

Cited by 166 publications

References 80 publications

Ferroptosis: A New Regulatory Mechanism in Osteoporosis

Ferroptosis: A New Regulatory Mechanism in Osteoporosis

Strontium Functionalization of Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering Purposes: A Biological Point of View

New Sintered Porous Scaffolds of Mg,Sr Co-Substituted Hydroxyapatite Support Growth and Differentiation of Primary Human Osteoblasts In Vitro

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