The influence of surface chemistry and topography on the contact guidance of MG63 osteoblast cells

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to determine in vitro the effects of different surface topographies and chemistries of commercially pure titanium (cpTi) and diamond-like carbon (DLC) surfaces on osteoblast growth and attachment. Microgrooves (widths of 2, 4, 8 and 10 microm and a depth of 1.5-2 microm) were patterned onto silicon (Si) substrates using microlithography and reactive ion etching. The Si substrates were subsequently vapor coated with either cpTi or DLC coatings. All surfaces were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurements. Using the MG63 Osteoblast-Like cell line, we determined cell viability, adhesion, and morphology on different substrates over a 3 day culture period. The results showed cpTi surfaces to be significantly more hydrophilic than DLC for groove sizes larger than 2 microm. Cell contact guidance was observed for all grooved samples in comparison to the unpatterned controls. The cell viability tests indicated a significantly greater cell number for 8 and 10 microm grooves on cpTi surfaces compared to other groove sizes. The cell adhesion study showed that the smaller groove sizes, as well as the unpatterned control groups, displayed better cell adhesion to the substrate.

Requirement for both micron- and submicron scale structure for synergistic responses of osteoblasts to substrate surface energy and topography

“…Scanning electron microscopic analysis and immunofluorescence of cell morphology identified significant differences in cell shape as a function of both surface chemistry and surface topography, confirming our previous work and the work of others [32,33]. Immunofluorescence images of MG63 cells over the first 24 hours after seeding demonstrated that osteoblasts on smooth and low energy surfaces spread faster than those on rough and higher energy surfaces.…”

Nanocomposite and Nanostructured Carbon-based Films as Growth Substrates for Bone Cells

“…It is generally accepted that the cell proliferation is optimal on moderately hydrophilic and polar surfaces, which enable adsorption of cell adhesion-mediating extracellular matrix molecules (such as vitronectin, fibronectin, collagen, laminin) in appropriate geometrical conformations, allowing accessibility of specific sites on these molecules to cell adhesion receptors (Chai et al, 2008;Coelho et al, 2010). In accordance with this proposition, the number and spreading of MG 63 cells was higher on micropatterned silicon substrates (grooves of 4, 8 and 10 µm in width) and coated with Ti, which were more hydrophilic and of a higher surface energy than the corresponding micropatterned substrates coated with DLC (Ismail et al, 2007). Also the addition of Ti into DLC films enhanced their attractiveness for cell colonization.…”

Modulating cell response on cellulose surfaces; tunable attachment and scaffold mechanics

“…Understanding how these facilely modified properties influence cell response aids the development of scaffolds that can promote specific, or specialised, cell function needed for proper tissue functionality and morphogenesis (Ismail et al 2007). …”

“…Surface modifications of the biomaterial allow tailoring of surface properties without impact on bulk material properties. Thus, through surface modification, the native surfaces of biomaterials can be physically, or chemically, transformed with the primary goal of engineering desired surface chemistry (Ismail et al 2007), topology (Viswanathan et al 2016), reactivity (Ducheyne and Qui 1999), biocompatibility (Lin et al 2015), hydrophilicity (Yang et al 2002), and/or charge (Courtenay et al 2017).…”