The influence of TAS2R38 bitter taste gene polymorphisms on obesity risk in three racially diverse groups

Chupeerach, Chaowanee; Tapanee, Pradtana; On-Nom, Nattira; Temviriyanukul, Piya; Chantong, Boonrat; Reeder, Nicole; Adegoye, Grace A.; Tolar-Peterson, Terezie

doi:10.37796/2211-8039.1175

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Lastly, previous studies have found differences in the obesity risk related to TAS2R38-rs713598 [ 79 , 80 ], FTO-rs9939606 [ 81 , 82 , 83 ], and CLOCK-rs4580704 [ 3 , 8 , 84 ], which is consistent with our findings. In our work on sleep and eating patterns, we found a modulating effect only on the midpoint of sleep for all three genes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Timing of Meals and Sleep in the Mediterranean Population: The Effect of Taste, Genetics, Environmental Determinants, and Interactions on Obesity Phenotypes

et al. 2023

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Circadian rhythms regulate the sleep–wake and feeding–fasting cycles. Sleep and feeding constitute a complex cycle that is determined by several factors. Despite the importance of sleep duration and mealtimes for many obesity phenotypes, most studies on dietary patterns have not investigated the contribution of these variables to the phenotypes analyzed. Likewise, they have not investigated the factors related to sleep or mealtimes. Thus, our aims were to investigate the link between taste perception and eating/sleep patterns and to analyze the effect of the interactions between sleep/meal patterns and genetic factors on obesity phenotypes. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis on 412 adults from the Mediterranean population. We measured taste perception (bitter, sweet, salty, sour, and umami) and assessed sleep duration and waketime. The midpoint of sleep and social jetlag was computed. From the self-reported timing of meals, we estimated the eating window, eating midpoint, and eating jetlag. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was measured with a validated score. Selected polymorphisms in the TAS2R38, CLOCK, and FTO genes were determined, and their associations and interactions with relevant phenotypes were analyzed. We found various associations between temporal eating, sleep patterns, and taste perception. A higher bitter taste perception was associated with an earlier eating midpoint (p = 0.001), breakfast time (p = 0.043), dinner time (p = 0.009), waketime (p < 0.001), and midpoint of sleep (p = 0.009). Similar results were observed for the bitter taste polymorphism TAS2R38-rs713598, a genetic instrumental variable for bitter perception, increasing the causality of the associations. Moreover, significant gene–sleep interactions were detected between the midpoint of sleep and the TAS2R38-rs713598 (p = 0.032), FTO-rs9939609 (p = 0.037), and CLOCK-rs4580704 (p = 0.004) polymorphisms which played a role in determining obesity phenotypes. In conclusion, our study provided more information on the sleep and mealtime patterns of the general Spanish Mediterranean population than on their main relationships. Moreover, we were able to show significant associations between taste perception, specifically bitter taste; sleep time; and mealtimes as well as an interaction between sleep time and several genetic variants linked to obesity phenotypes. However, additional research is needed to better characterize the causality and mechanisms behind these associations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Timing of Meals and Sleep in the Mediterranean Population: The Effect of Taste, Genetics, Environmental Determinants, and Interactions on Obesity Phenotypes

et al. 2023

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“…Changes in gene function caused by mutations or gene polymorphisms can result in increased cancer risk and specific disease phenotypes. 32,33 The laboratory evidence shows that an abnormal increase in the expression of tumour-associated MUCs, mismatched features and shortened glycans is a common occurrence in various epithelial cancers. [34][35][36][37][38] However, clinical findings are not always consistent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of MUC6 polymorphisms on the clinicopathologic characteristics of Asian patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma

Hua

Chuang

Chien

et al. 2023

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are generally associated with tobacco consumption, alcohol abuse or both. Mucins (MUCs) are high‐molecular‐weight glycoproteins produced by many epithelial tissues. Many studies have indicated that MUCs play an important role in cancer metastasis. MUC6 expression has been observed in gastric and oncocytic phenotypes and plays an important role during cancer progression. We found that levels of MUC6 are lower in Asian HNCC patients and affect the disease‐free survival of HNCC patients. Next, we investigated the combined effect of MUC6 polymorphisms and exposure to environmental carcinogens on the susceptibility to and clinicopathological characteristics of HNCC. Three single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MUC6 (rs7481521, rs6597947 and rs61869016) were analysed using real‐time PCR. After adjusting for other co‐variants, we found that carrying a CC genotype at MUC6 rs6597947 led to a lower risk of developing oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) than wild‐type carriers among non‐betel‐quid chewers. Moreover, male oral cancer patients who carried the AA + CC genotype at MUC6 rs6597947 had a lower risk of lymph node metastasis than other genotypes, suggesting a significant functional compromise and decompensated disease. Therefore, our findings suggest that genetic variations in MUC6 may correlate to OSCC and indicate the progression in OSCC patients.

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“…124 Consequently, studies on the relationship between bitter taste perception and obesity can potentially yield heterogeneous results. Although most studies in literature have found an association between obesity or BMI and TAS2R38 variation, 42,43,47,48,50 a study on an Indian population, for instance, found that both the TAS2R38 genotype and PROP taster status were not significantly correlated to BMI. 125 Age may be one factor that influences taste status and BMI among Indians.…”

Section: Clinical Application and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…49 Increased sensitivity to certain bitter substances could indicate a lower quantity of vegetable consumption. 40,41 Contrarily, one study found the AVI/AVI non-taster diplotype to be associated with higher risk of obesity in European Americans and Asians, 50 possibly due to differences in nutrient sensing, energy metabolism, immune responses or reduced sensitivity to sweet taste recognition. 43…”

Section: Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Associations of Bitter Taste Perception and Bitter Taste Receptor Variants and the Potential for Personalized Healthcare

Mao¹,

Cheng²,

Li³

et al. 2023

PGPM

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Bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) consist of 25 functional receptors that can be found in various types of cells throughout the human body with responses ranging from detecting bitter taste to suppressing pathogen-induced inflammation upon activation. Numerous studies have observed clinical associations with genetic or phenotypic variants in bitter taste receptors, most notably that of the receptor isoform T2R38. With genetic variants playing a role in the response of the body to bacterial quorum-sensing molecules, bacterial metabolites, medicinal agonists and nutrients, we examine how T2R polymorphisms, expression levels and bitter taste perception can lead to varying clinical associations. From these genetic and phenotypic differences, healthcare management can potentially be individualized through appropriately administering drugs with bitter masking to increase compliance; optimizing nutritional strategies and diets; avoiding the use of T2R agonists if this pathway is already activated from bacterial infections; adjusting drug regimens based on differing prognoses; or adjusting drug regimens based on T2R expression levels in the target cell type and bodily region.

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The influence of TAS2R38 bitter taste gene polymorphisms on obesity risk in three racially diverse groups

Cited by 11 publications

References 56 publications

Timing of Meals and Sleep in the Mediterranean Population: The Effect of Taste, Genetics, Environmental Determinants, and Interactions on Obesity Phenotypes

Timing of Meals and Sleep in the Mediterranean Population: The Effect of Taste, Genetics, Environmental Determinants, and Interactions on Obesity Phenotypes

Analysis of MUC6 polymorphisms on the clinicopathologic characteristics of Asian patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma

Clinical Associations of Bitter Taste Perception and Bitter Taste Receptor Variants and the Potential for Personalized Healthcare

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