The influence of temperature on diving behaviour in the alpine newt, Triturus alpestris

Šamajová, Pavlína; Gvoždı́k, Lumı́r

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2009.09.001

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…From this point of view, the reduction in metabolic rates in the terrestrial phase should be beneficial, reducing maintenance costs across ecologically relevant temperatures, and thus more energy would remain for growth, survival, and reproduction. On the other hand, a high‐octane life in water reflects newts' high energy demands for reproduction and air‐breathing (Halliday and Sweatman, ; Šamajová and Gvoždík, ). While this hypothetical explanation seems straightforward, it requires empirical verification before conclusive acceptance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic‐to‐terrestrial habitat shift reduces energy expenditure in newts

Kristín

Gvoždı́k

2013

J. Exp. Zool

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Many organisms seasonally modify their standard metabolic rates (SMR). However, the diversity of cues triggering the acclimatization response remains little understood. We examined the influence of experimentally induced aquatic-to-terrestrial habitat shift on the thermal sensitivity of SMR in newts. Standard metabolic rates increased with temperature (13-23°C), although consistently lower in terrestrial than aquatic individuals. Motor activity during respirometry trials decreased with temperature at similar rates in both groups. We conclude that in newts, a habitat shift might represent an important modulator of the seasonal acclimatization response in SMR. Lowered SMR suggests the potential to reduce newt maintenance costs and depletion of caloric reserves during the activity-limited period on land.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic‐to‐terrestrial habitat shift reduces energy expenditure in newts

Kristín

Gvoždı́k

2013

J. Exp. Zool

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“…Reduced dive capacity at elevated water temperatures has been experimentally demonstrated in numerous ectothermic vertebrates, including : sea snakes (spinebellied sea snake, Hydrophis curtus, elegant sea snake, Hydrophis Elegans and the Arafura file snake, Acrochordus arafurae), the alpine newt (Triturus alpestris) and freshwater turtles (Fitzroy River turtle, Rheodytes leukops; Mary River turtle, Elusor macrurus; white-throated snapping turtle, Elseya albagula) (Priest and Franklin, 2002;Clark et al, 2008;Storey et al, 2008;Samajova and Gvozdik, 2009;Udyawer et al, 2016). Dive durations in the Arafura file snake, for example, are reduced by 63% in response to acute water temperature increases from 20°C to 32°C (i.e.…”

Section: Diving In a Warming World: Constraints And Underlying Mechanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surfacing frequency has been shown to increase with rising water temperature in several diving ectotherms, including in sea snakes (Udyawer et al, 2016), marine and freshwater turtles (Southwood et al, 2003;Storey et al, 2008), newts (Samajova and Gvozdik, 2009) and freshwater crocodiles (Campbell et al, 2010a …”

Section: Ecological Consequences Of Reduced Adlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This dramatic decline in cumulated time spent underwater likely stems from shortened dive durations in the absence of sufficient upregulation of dive frequency. Increased dive frequency at elevated temperatures is considered a form of behavioural compensation and has been recorded in many ectotherms including: newts (Samajova and Gvozdik, 2009), sea snakes (Udyawer et al, 2016) and marine and freshwater turtles (Southwood et al, 2003;Storey, et al, 2008).…”

Section: Thermal Sensitivity Of Diving Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An inverse relationship between dive duration and Tw, coupled with increased surfacing frequency has been documented in numerous species, including sea snakes (Udyawer et al, 2016), marine and freshwater turtles (Southwood et al, 2003;Storey et al, 2008), newts (Samajova and Gvozdik, 2009) and freshwater crocodiles (Campbell et al, 2010a). Submergence times are predicted to decline precipitously with climate change (Campbell et al, 2010a;Rodgers et al, 2015; Chapter 2), but it is unclear how some species are faring with present-day thermal fluctuations (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DIVING IN A WARMING WORLD: Thermal constraints on the diving capacity of estuarine crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus)

Rodgers¹

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A central challenge in conserving biodiversity is predicting the consequences of anthropogenic climate change on species' distributions and persistence. Forced climate change has severely altered thermal regimes in marine and freshwater habitats. Rapid escalations in environmental temperatures may be particularly threatening to ectothermic species (almost all plants, invertebrates, fish, amphibians and reptiles), where body temperature and concomitant functional performance are strongly tied to the thermal environment. The threat of overheating is salient for air-breathing, ectothermic divers, such as the estuarine crocodile (Crocodylus porosus, Schneider, 1801), because submergence times are inversely related to water temperature. It is unknown how C. porosus will fare in warming waters but diving oxygen stores are hypothesised to be consumed more rapidly at elevated temperatures leading to a reduction of aerobic dive limits (i.e. maximum submergence time before lactate is accumulated). Shorter dive durations may force animals to spend more time at the water surface, leaving less time available for obligate underwater activities (e.g. predator avoidance and hunting for aquatic prey).This thesis assessed the effect of elevated water temperatures (emulating climate change scenarios) on the diving physiology and behaviour of C. porosus. The thermal sensitivity of predator avoidance dives (i.e. minutes submerged) was assessed in juveniles at three water temperatures reflecting climate change scenarios (Chapter 2). Diving performance was thermally sensitive with dive durations halving between the 'no warming' and 'moderate warming' scenarios. Ectotherms are however revered for their thermal acclimation/acclimatisation capacity following long term exposure to novel temperatures; whereby an animal's underlying physiology is responsively altered to maintain or optimise performance. For this reason, the acclimation capacity of C. porosus was assessed by exposing crocodiles to thermal acclimation treatments for a minimum of 30 days. Thermal acclimation treatments had no effect on dive durations -a result indicative of absent thermal acclimation capacity at elevated temperatures within 30 days.ii The physiological mechanisms underlying compromised diving performance at elevated temperatures were subsequently examined (Chapter 3). Reduced diving performance was hypothesised to be linked to increased oxygen demands and a reduced capacity for metabolic depression at elevated temperatures. Diving oxygen uptake, diving heart rate and post-dive plasma-lactate concentrations were assessed at two test temperatures (i.e. 28•C and 34•C). Diving metabolic rate increased threefold between 28•C and 34•C and the capacity to depress metabolic demands (from surface levels) was inhibited by 46%. Post-dive plasma-lactate accumulation was independent of water temperature. Collectively, these results show the aerobic dive limit of C. porosus was significantly reduced at elevated temperatures and animals behaviourally terminated dives...

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Daily activity profile of the golden mantella in the “Froggotron”—A replicated behavioral monitoring system for amphibians

2021

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Research on threatened species in zoos can provide vital information to inform conservation planning and implementation in the field. This is particularly important for rare and cryptic species with behavior patterns that are difficult to observe in the wild. The Critically Endangered golden mantella (Mantella aurantiaca) is an iconic, endemic frog confined to mid‐altitude subhumid forest in Moramanga District, Madagascar. Ecological and behavioral data for this highly threatened species are sparse, and conservation work will need to be informed by both in situ and ex situ research on behavior and habitat preferences. This study utilized environmental information gathered in the field to design a system where behavior and microhabitat use could be measured in captivity. Using replicated climatically controlled chambers (the “Froggotrons”), we analysed the 24‐h activity profile of the golden mantella in relation to temperature and humidity. Golden mantellas showed a bimodal pattern of activity during the day with much less activity during the night. Frogs kept at warmer temperatures (20–25°C) were more active than those kept under cooler conditions (16–19°C). However, the bimodal pattern was retained under the different temperatures, although the second peak occurred slightly earlier under warmer conditions. Most activity was observed when humidity levels were above 85%, although less than half of the mantellas were active outside leaf microhabitats during peak periods. These findings can inform ongoing field surveys through determining the optimum times of day to either capture or count golden mantellas for further conservation actions.

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The influence of temperature on diving behaviour in the alpine newt, Triturus alpestris

Cited by 20 publications

References 35 publications

Aquatic‐to‐terrestrial habitat shift reduces energy expenditure in newts

Aquatic‐to‐terrestrial habitat shift reduces energy expenditure in newts

DIVING IN A WARMING WORLD: Thermal constraints on the diving capacity of estuarine crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus)

Daily activity profile of the golden mantella in the “Froggotron”—A replicated behavioral monitoring system for amphibians

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