The Influence of Temperature on the Microflora of the Soil

Greaves, J. E.; Jones, L. W.

doi:10.1097/00010694-194411000-00004

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Decreased survival at temperatures above 25°C and increased survival at low a w or in dry soil is in keeping with this in vitro study. However, the poor survival observed in soil at low temperatures or high a w (moist soil) was not supported by our data and may be related to stimulation of soil microflora (Greaves and Jones 1944) which may, in turn, compete with or be antagonistic to A. carbonarius.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Effects of water activity and temperature on the survival of Aspergillus carbonarius spores in vitro

Leong

Hocking²,

Scott³

2006

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Aims: To determine the effect of water activity (aw) and temperature on the survival of Aspergillus carbonarius spores. Methods and Results: Spores of A. carbonarius were dried onto filter membranes. These filters were held at 1·0, 0·9, 0·8, 0·6 and 0·4 aw and at 1, 15, 25 and 37°C for up to 618 d. At intervals, spores were recovered from filters and assessed for viability by enumeration on dichloran rose bengal chloramphenicol agar. Survival and subsequent growth of spores was prolonged at low temperatures and at aw below 0·6. Above 15°C, 0·6–0·9 aw were often more deleterious than 1·0. However, at 1°C and 1·0 aw, spores lost viability more rapidly than at lower aw. Conclusions: Increased incidence of black Aspergillus spp. in dry soils and from grapes in dry conditions may result partly from prolonged survival of spores. Significance and Impact of the Study: Delineating the direct effect of aw and temperature on survival of A. carbonarius spores may aid in understanding the incidence of this ochratoxin A‐producing species in vineyard soils and on grapes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Effects of water activity and temperature on the survival of Aspergillus carbonarius spores in vitro

Leong

Hocking²,

Scott³

2006

Lett Appl Microbiol

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“…Les bact6ries et les actynomycbtes (.ANADIAN Campbell et al (1973) reported that the normal variations of soil temperature have no effect on bacterial numbers in summer-fallowed (James and Sutherland 1940) and pasture soils (Jensen 1934). The numbers in summer fallow were also reported to be inversely related to temperature (Greaves and Jones 1944), but a direct relationship has also been reported in pasture and forest soils (Feh6r and Frank 1937).…”

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confidence: 87%

Soil Bacterial Changes as Affected by Growing Season Weather Conditions: A Field and Laboratory Study

Campbell¹,

Biederbeck²

1976

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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lors des nuits fraiches. La r6ponsc microbienne a 6t6 plus accentu6e dans les 2.5 premlers cm que dans la couche de 2.5-15 cm. Les bact6ries et les actynomycbtes ont r6agi de la m6me manidre aux fluctuations ambiantes, bien que la r6ponse des bact6ries ait g6n6ralement 6t6 plus accentu6e. Le rapport bact6ries/actinomycdtes 6tait de 3/l dans les 2.5 premiers cm. pour tomber ir 1.3/l seulement dans la coucheCan.

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“…The temperature of the soil may undoubtedly be changed by action of microorganisms, and a soil with a rich microflora should be a warmer soil and more favourable to winter survival of seedlings than Relley -80 -Mycotrophy a sterile one. Greaves & Jones (1944) have suggested that addition of manure to soil may add new microorganisms and modify the soil temperature.…”

Section: Kelleymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotrophy in Plants. Lectures on the Biology of Mycorrhizae and Related Structures

M.¹,

Kelley²

1951

Mycologia

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MycotrophyForest tree mycorrhizae receive continued attention from two of the principal investigators of mycotrophy. Rayner (1941) has summarized her own and related researches on the effect of composts on tree growth. Melin's (1946) attention has been turned especially to growth and anti-bacterial substances with respect to mycotrophy. Recently fallen leaf-litter was found to contain water-soluble substances that promoted the growth of litter-decomposing and mycorrhizal fungi. Cognate studies have been made by Harley but his latest paper was not available at this writing. that root-hairs were only incidental phenomena. To these hypotheses was added in 1768 that of S. Simon, who stated that roots, at least the noduliferous, are merely excretionary organs which serve to eliminate excess elaborated sap from the plant. In the earliest years of the nineteenth century, Garradori showed that root-hairs are wanting in water, from which fact he concluded that root hairs serve for absorption of moisture from the air and not for absorption of liquid water, which, he concluded, must be taken up by the spongy ends of roots. But, according to Moldenhawer, root-hairs may be compared to druse-hairs of leaves : they secrete a liquid which serves Kelley -2 -Mycotrophy to dissolve food materials somewhat as saliva does in animals. It was F. Meyen, in 1838, who came to the modern view that root-hairs serve merely to increase the outer surface area of the root.By such studies attention was focused on root-hairs until Botany was firmly moulded to the view that higher plants are nourished by a root-hair mechanism. So positive had Botany become that by 1883, Frank Schwarz (from whom we have quoted much of the preceding paragraph) was able to state without exciting contradiction:"From my researches it may be stated that root-hairs are present on most plants, and when a plant fails to produce root-hairs it may be counted an exception." He listed as exceptions : water and swamp plants, and those the water and salt requirements of which are met in a special way, as in conifers, noduHferous plants and in part by parasites. Early Study of Nodules: -Thus it was, not by extended observation or study of plants in nature but by sheer dogmatism that root-hairs came to be regarded as the predominate root structures of higher plants. Hairless roots were considered exceptional, but they were constantly being noted. Malpighi, early microscopist that he was, had described and figured nodules while du Hamel du Monceau in 1758 had stated that such structures were generally found on leguminous plants. Even Meyen, in 1829, who has been accredited with discovery of mycorrhizae, simply described nodules of the alder. Alder nodules were more carefully studied by Woronin in 1867 but his inadequate facilities led him to confuse bacterial strands with fungal hyphae. Even to this day there is confused thought about root-nodules for some investigators assert them to be purely bacterial while others consider them fungal. Nutrition of Monotropa: -Besides nodulous...

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The Influence of Temperature on the Microflora of the Soil

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of water activity and temperature on the survival of Aspergillus carbonarius spores in vitro

Effects of water activity and temperature on the survival of Aspergillus carbonarius spores in vitro

Soil Bacterial Changes as Affected by Growing Season Weather Conditions: A Field and Laboratory Study

Mycotrophy in Plants. Lectures on the Biology of Mycorrhizae and Related Structures

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