The influence of the mode of emergency ambulance transportation on the emergency patientʼs outcome

Witzel, Kai; Hoppe, Hanno; Raschka, C

doi:10.1097/00063110-199906000-00006

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…However, ambulance use is expensive and people who use this service have higher mortality and morbidity than walk-in patients. 2 , 3 Ambulance service usage in elderly populations has not until recently been a focus of research. Several studies have examined the use of medical services by elderly patients in emergency departments, 4 – 8 and others have evaluated the population-based use of emergency medical services among elderly people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambulance Transport of the Oldest Old in Tokyo: A Population-Based Study

Tokuda

Abe

Ishimatsu

et al. 2010

Journal of Epidemiology

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BackgroundFew studies have investigated ambulance utilization in people aged 85 years or older, ie, the oldest old.MethodsWe conducted a 1-year population-based observational study of patients transported by ambulance to emergency departments in Tokyo, Japan, which has a population of about 12 million. Demographic data, symptoms/events associated with ambulance transport, and the proportion of hospital admissions were recorded. Transport rates by age and sex were calculated using data for the background population and ambulance transports, and the 10 most frequent symptoms/events requiring transport were compared between the oldest old and those aged 65 to 84 years.ResultsOf the 642 764 patients who were transported to hospitals by ambulances, 59 570 (9%) were aged ≥85 years; 64% were women. The annual ambulance transport rate for this population was 250 per 1000/year and was significantly greater than the rate (90 per 1000/year) for those aged 65 to 84 years. The highest rate was for men aged 85 to 99 years (292 per 1000/year). Among the oldest old, the most frequent reason for ambulance transport was fall (38.5 per 1000/year), and the symptom most likely to result in hospital admission was dyspnea.ConclusionsThe ambulance transport rate for the oldest old was high, particularly among men aged ≥95 years. To reduce the need for ambulance transport among the oldest old, preventive care is needed to reduce falls and acute exacerbations of cardiac and respiratory disorders.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambulance Transport of the Oldest Old in Tokyo: A Population-Based Study

Tokuda

Abe

Ishimatsu

et al. 2010

Journal of Epidemiology

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“…Time pressure often also leads to premature decision making, increases risk tolerance, and impairs cognitive performance and health. In a field experiment, Witzel, Hoppe, and Raschka (1999) reported that the levels of cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormones (i.e., the stress hormones) of volunteer emergency vehicle riders were 30% higher during ED in comparison with NED. These hormones have been reported to impair cognitive performance (Cho, 2001;Hinkelmann et al, 2009) and increase blood pressure (Fraser et al, 1999;Lundberg, 2005).…”

Section: Emergency Driving Task Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%