Bio-indication is only possible because algal communities respond to environmental changes in a consistent way. In particular, the vectors of algal changes over latitudes and altitudes are well correlated with respective climatic gradients. The relationships between biotic and climatic changes are insufficiently studied so far, but regularities are analyzable provided the adequate geographic scale. Thus the impact of seasonality requires ecological study of the aquatic object as a whole or a considerable part of it. For the gradient analysis of altitudinal changes the sampling data must cover a region of diverse relief, whereas latitudinal gradients are traceable of sizeable parts of continents encompassing different climatic zones. In our studies, the impact of temperature changes is invariably significant when revealed with the help of bio-indication analysis. In the boreal realm, algal development most typically show three seasonal peaks correlated with the dynamics of ice cover, whereas two to single peak are distinguished down the latitudes. The latitudinal dynamics is fairly obvious in the quantitative relationships between diatoms, green, golden algae, and Infraspecies-Species variability. With climatic stress ascending to the north, the role of diatoms, but in the high Arctic regions drops significantly. The Infraspecific variability index increases from 1.09 up to 1.42. To the south, over the mountainous areas of Tajikistan, Georgia, Mediterranean and India, diatoms consistently decrease over the altitudinal range 200 -2500 meters, while the other algal groups betray a less significant variation. Such regularities are more obvious with statistical correlation of climatic variables and freshwater algal diversity. Thus the distribution of phytoplankton species in the rivers of Yakutia and Chukotka over the gradient of DHI index and the duration of the ice free period is controlled by sun light intensity in the first place, but also reflects variation in the climatic stress resistance, the most prominent in the case of diatom algae.