The influence of the substrate on the growth of carbon nanotubes from nickel clusters—an investigation using STM, FE-SEM, TEM and Raman spectroscopy

Wright, Andrew; Xiong, Yun; Maung, N.; Eichhorn, SJ; Young, R. J.

doi:10.1016/s0928-4931(02)00254-0

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This result is further established in the HRSEM inspection and, in particular, in the side view image (figure 3(c)), which reveals that the fabricated electrodes are in fact three dimensional in nature with volume packing very similar to that of previously reported macroscopic CNT electrodes. The surface coverage, density and layer thickness are a direct result of carefully selecting the nickel catalyst layer thickness prior to the CVD step, and of the efficient role of the supporting titanium nitride layer in reducing nickel diffusion [25,26]. During wetting, the electrode matrix compresses into a more compact structure of several μm in thickness.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-chemical and biological properties of carbon nanotube based multi-electrode arrays

et al. 2007

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A novel class of micro-electrodes was fabricated by synthesizing high density carbon nanotube islands on lithographically defined, passivated titanium nitride conductors on a silicon dioxide substrate. Electrochemical characterization in phosphate buffered saline of these new electrodes reveals superb electrochemical properties marked by featureless rectangular cyclic voltammetry curves corresponding to a DC surface specific capacitance and a volume specific capacitance as high as 10 mF cm(-2) and 10 F cm(-3), respectively. These electrodes are also characterized by a slowly varying impedance magnitude over the range of 1 Hz to 20 kHz. High fidelity extracellular recordings from cultured neurons were performed and analysed to validate the effectiveness of the fabricated electrodes. The enhanced electrochemical properties of the electrodes, their flexible and simple micro-fabrication preparation procedure as well as their bio-compatibility and durability suggest that carbon nanotube electrodes are a promising platform for high resolution capacitive electrochemical applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-chemical and biological properties of carbon nanotube based multi-electrode arrays

et al. 2007

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“…In addition to acting as a catalyst for nanotube growth, it is possible that the remaining surface Ni will change the surface energy of the substrate. Studies by De Los Arcos et al and Wright et al state that the contact angle of the catalyst particle on the substrate plays an important role in the wetting of the catalyst particle promoting faster growth and better aligned CNTs. Kanzow and Ding had also proposed that an increased contact angle for the catalyst particle would provide an increased surface area for carbon to precipitate in accordance with the diffusion model for CNT growth.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nickel Catalyst-Assisted Vertical Growth of Dense Carbon Nanotube Forests on Bulk Copper

et al. 2011

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Vertical growth of carbon nanotubes using thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is demonstrated on bulk copper substrates by first sputtering a thin Ni film on the surface of copper. Vertical growth of carbon nanotubes occurred when the nickel film thickness was 20 nm and the carbon nanotubes were grown using a xylene source and additional ferrocene catalyst during CVD. These results show the effectiveness of this method in directly integrating carbon nanotubes with highly conductive substrates for applications where a conductive carbon nanotube network is desirable.

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“…In general, the dimension of the metal catalyst, whether nanoparticle or island, influences the CNT diameter. [22][23][24][25][26][27] The catalyst in this study is deposited as a relatively featureless 2.5 nm thick Ni film. However, every growth begins with a 600 °C treatment in a CO reducing gas for 1 h. Aside from removing oxygen from the Ni layer, the film also breaks up into islands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is interesting that CNTs grown at temperatures ≤ 610 °C have a similar inner core diameter of ∼1.1 nm, essentially identical to that of the SWNTs grown at 530 °C. In general, the dimension of the metal catalyst, whether nanoparticle or island, influences the CNT diameter. − The catalyst in this study is deposited as a relatively featureless 2.5 nm thick Ni film. However, every growth begins with a 600 °C treatment in a CO reducing gas for 1 h. Aside from removing oxygen from the Ni layer, the film also breaks up into islands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear Behavior of Carbon Nanotube Diameters with Growth Temperature

et al. 2010

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High crystalline quality single-and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grow using thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) at temperatures ranging from 530 to 630 °C. Using identical Ni catalyst layers and a constant CO reduction annealing process at 600 °C, the number of walls in the resulting CNTs increases linearly from one to eight over this growth temperature range. The highest temperature used in the growth process appears to control the resulting inner core diameter, which is ∼1 nm for all CNTs grown e 610 °C, near the CO reduction anneal used for all the samples. The corresponding CNT outer diameters also increase linearly from 1 to 5 nm up to 610 °C. Using growth temperatures measurably higher than that of the reduction anneal results in both larger inner and outer diameters, inferring that the Ni catalyst islands grow with increasing temperature. These results suggest that independent control of the number of walls and the inner core diameter in CNTs is possible.

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The influence of the substrate on the growth of carbon nanotubes from nickel clusters—an investigation using STM, FE-SEM, TEM and Raman spectroscopy

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Electro-chemical and biological properties of carbon nanotube based multi-electrode arrays

Electro-chemical and biological properties of carbon nanotube based multi-electrode arrays

Nickel Catalyst-Assisted Vertical Growth of Dense Carbon Nanotube Forests on Bulk Copper

Linear Behavior of Carbon Nanotube Diameters with Growth Temperature

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