The influence of various feeding patterns of emodin on growth, non-specific immune responses, and disease resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in juvenile Wuchang bream (Megalobrama amblycephala)

To determine the dietary β‐glucan and vitamin C levels that would enable the fish to cope with different stress, 252 tilapia (16.86 ± 0.24 g) were distributed in thirty six 250‐L aquaria and fed experimental diets for 60 d. Diets were supplemented with β‐glucan (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8%) and vitamin C (400 and 600 mg/kg diet) and distributed in a factorial design that included a control diet (0 β‐glucan/125 mg vitamin C/kg). After growth performance analyses, a group of 108 fish were subjected to cold‐induced stress and another to Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Hematological and immunological parameters were determined before and after the stress. Growth performance was not affected. Red blood cells, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, total plasma protein, albumin : globulin ratio and leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and monocytes were affected (P < 0.05) by stress and/or diets. The control diet resulted in higher post‐infection cortisol (P < 0.05). Liver vitamin C was directly proportional to dietary vitamin C (P < 0.05). The production of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide was also affected by diets and/or bacterial challenge (P < 0.05). In total, 0.1–0.2% β‐glucan and 600 mg/kg vitamin C increased fish resistance to stress and 0.8% β‐glucan resulted in reduced immune responses regardless of the vitamin C supplementation level.

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“…Toxic extracellular A . hydrophila products have been reported to be lethal in tilapia, rohu, and catfish (Zhang et al ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Effects of Dietary β‐glucan and Vitamin C in Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L., Subjected to Cold‐induced Stress or Bacterial Challenge

Barros

Falcon

Orsi

et al. 2015

J World Aquaculture Soc

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“…Formulation of the experimental diets and environmental quality preferences were performed according to established protocols12.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In mammals, functional research investigating emodin has typically focused on its antitumor, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, liver protective, and immune regulatory capabilities8910. Previous studies have shown that dietary emodin can improve growth11, enhance immunity12, and provide antioxidant properties13 in M. amblycephala .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, in an intensive culture system, cultivated M. amblycephala has suffered adverse stressors from their living surroundings, such as overcrowding, high temperature, poor water quality, and pathogen infection. All these adverse stressors could lead to poor growth performance12, disease outbreak27 and even massive mortalities2829. Therefore, to alleviate the effects of these stressors should be an important goal of aquaculture research.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Recently, we found that 30 mg kg −1 emodin was the optimum level of dietary supplementation to enhance the growth performance, non-specific immunity, and disease resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila 12 (shown in Supplementary Material 1). Although research has shown that emodin affects both immunity and antioxidation, the underling molecular mechanisms are still not entirely understood.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Comparative proteomic analysis of liver antioxidant mechanisms in Megalobrama amblycephala stimulated with dietary emodin

Song

Liu

Xie

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Oxidative stress is a toxicological endpoint that correlates with the nutrition status of fish through cellular damage, inflammation, and apoptosis. In order to understand the antioxidant mechanism induced by dietary emodin in Megalobrama amblycephala liver, a comparative proteomic analysis was performed to investigate the proteome alteration under emodin administration. 27 altered protein spots were separated under 30 mg kg−1 emodin stimulation based on 2-DE, and were all successfully identified using MALDI-TOF/TOF, representing 17 unique proteins. These proteins were functionally classified into antioxidant, metabolism, cytoskeleton, chaperone, signal transduction and cofactor groups. Network interaction and Gene Ontology annotation indicated 10 unique proteins were closely related to antioxidation and directly regulated by each other. Compared with the control group, administration of 30 mg kg−1 emodin significantly increased the antioxidant-related mRNA expressions of GPx1, GSTm and HSP70, but decreased the mRNA expressions of GAPDH and Sord, which was consistent with the protein expression. Nevertheless, Pgk1 and Aldh8a1 were up- and down-regulated, and ALDOB was down- and up-regulated at the mRNA and protein levels, respectively. These results revealed that the altered proteins enhanced antioxidation via complex regulatory mechanisms, and 30 mg kg−1 emodin was a suitable immunostimulant for M. amblycephala.

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Aeromonadaceae Representatives (Motile Aeromonads)

Austin¹,

Austin²

2016

Bacterial Fish Pathogens

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The influence of various feeding patterns of emodin on growth, non-specific immune responses, and disease resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in juvenile Wuchang bream (Megalobrama amblycephala)

Cited by 46 publications

References 45 publications

Immunomodulatory Effects of Dietary β‐glucan and Vitamin C in Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L., Subjected to Cold‐induced Stress or Bacterial Challenge

Immunomodulatory Effects of Dietary β‐glucan and Vitamin C in Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L., Subjected to Cold‐induced Stress or Bacterial Challenge

Comparative proteomic analysis of liver antioxidant mechanisms in Megalobrama amblycephala stimulated with dietary emodin

Aeromonadaceae Representatives (Motile Aeromonads)

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