The inhibition of radiation-induced mutagenesis by the combined effects of selenium and the aminothiol WR-1065

Protective effects of sodium selenite supplementation against irradiation-induced damage in non-cancerous human esophageal cells

“…Selenocysteine is present at the catalytic site of GPx and the availability of selenium regulates GPx enzyme activity (28). The stimulation of GPx activity following selenium supplementation indicates that the antioxidant function of this enzyme directly reduces the oxidative DNA damage associated with radiation exposure (16). The current study demonstrated that sodium selenite supplementation increases GPx-1 activity, which is concordant with a previous study by Diamond et al (16), indicating that the low-level supplementation of culture media with selenium, in the form of sodium selenite, markedly protected CHO-AA8 Chinese hamster ovary-derived cells from radiation-induced mutagenesis and that this protection was associated with a significant elevation in GPx-1 activity.…”

“…However, the mechanisms underlying this protection have yet to be revealed. Diamond et al (16) demonstrated that low-level supplementation of culture media with sodium selenite significantly protected CHO-AA8 cells, a hamster ovary-derived cell line, from radiation-induced mutagenesis. Eckers et al (17) also reported that the overexpression of selenoprotein P suppressed radiation-induced ROS accumulation and protected normal human fibroblasts from radiation-induced toxicity.…”

The Radioprotectors Amifostine and Sodium Selenite Do Not Modify the Radiosensitivity of Rat Rhabdomyosarcomas

“…Selenium, applied as sodium selenite, also appears to have the potential of a radioprotective drug [4][5][6]. It is suggested that the combination of amifostine and sodium selenite can further reduce the radiation damages [3,5]. In vitro investigations on human fibroblasts in culture have demonstrated the radioprotective effect of sodium selenite [4].…”

“…A radioprotective effect was further observed for sodium selenite [3][4][5][6]. In vitro studies on CHO AA8 cells of mice [3] and normal human fibroblasts [4] as well as in vivo studies on mice and rats demonstrated higher survival rates of cells and animals [6], especially when sodium selenite was combined with amifostine. Besides the radioprotective effect of the drugs on normal tissues during irradiation, it is of special interest to know whether the radiosensitivity and the frequency of metastasis formation is modified by these drugs.…”

“…So far, amifostine is the only licensed radioprotective drug to prevent patients from mucositis and xerostomia [1,2]. A radioprotective effect was further observed for sodium selenite [3][4][5][6]. In vitro studies on CHO AA8 cells of mice [3] and normal human fibroblasts [4] as well as in vivo studies on mice and rats demonstrated higher survival rates of cells and animals [6], especially when sodium selenite was combined with amifostine.…”