The Inhibition of Transport of Indoleacetic Acid hy Pheuoxyacetic Acids

Niedergang-Kamien, Ethel; Leopold, A. C.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1959.tb08912.x

Cited by 21 publications

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“…It is suggested that the weak auxin and auxin synergistic activity of TIBA (and perhaps 2, 3-dichlorobenzoic acid) in extension growth tests arises from its inhibition of transport of endogenous or added auxin out of the sections, rather than from its intrinsic auxin activity. Chemically induced apolar callus growth on vascularized tobacco stem explants can arise from inhibition of native auxin transport, apolar growth stimulation by auxinic action of the test compound, or both.Prior studies (10,11,20,22,23,24,25,32) of the effect of chemicals on polar auxin transport have shown that those which A) interfere with ATP formation ( 3DNP), B) are sulfhydryl binders (TIBA, iodoacetate, PCMB) or C) are weak (NPA, 2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid) or strong (2,4-D) auxins can all decrease the amount of IAA reaching a receptor block from the basal end of a section of stem tissue to whose apical end it has been applied. A limited survey of 10 phenoxyacetic acids (24) showed that transport inhibition increased with the number of substituted chlorine atoms up to 3, and that the active molecules tended to have higher This studN' was aided by funds from the National Science Foundation, Grants C 14545 and GB 153.…”

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“…Prior studies (10,11,20,22,23,24,25,32) of the effect of chemicals on polar auxin transport have shown that those which A) interfere with ATP formation ( 3DNP), B) are sulfhydryl binders (TIBA, iodoacetate, PCMB) or C) are weak (NPA, 2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid) or strong (2,4-D) auxins can all decrease the amount of IAA reaching a receptor block from the basal end of a section of stem tissue to whose apical end it has been applied. A limited survey of 10 phenoxyacetic acids (24) showed that transport inhibition increased with the number of substituted chlorine atoms up to 3, and that the active molecules tended to have higher This studN' was aided by funds from the National Science Foundation, Grants C 14545 and GB 153.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…A limited survey of 10 phenoxyacetic acids (24) showed that transport inhibition increased with the number of substituted chlorine atoms up to 3, and that the active molecules tended to have higher This studN' was aided by funds from the National Science Foundation, Grants C 14545 and GB 153. 2 Present address: Department of Botany, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.…”

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Auxin Activity of Substituted Benzoic Acids and Their Effect on Polar Auxin Transport

Keitt

Baker

1966

Plant Physiol.

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Summinary. Six dichloro-, 3 trichloro-, 2 triiodo-, and 3 heterosubstituted benzoic acids (amiben, dinoben, dicamba), and N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid have been tested for effects on growth and on polar auxin transport. Growth activity with and without kinetin was measured by effects on fresh and dry weights of 30-day cultures of fresh tobacco pith. Transport inhibition was measured by following uptake and output of IAA-2-14C through 10 mm bean epicotyl sections. The distribution of callus growth on vascularized tobacco stem segments was also observed. Avena first internode extension assays established the relative activities: dicamba> amiben> dinoben suggested by pith growth results. Growth effects of active compounds were similar with and without kinetin, except that amiben was less active with kinetin, while 2, 3, 6-trichlorobenzoic acid was more active with kinctin than alone. The weak auxin activity of NPA was confirmed. Transport experiments showed that NPA was the most inhibitory compound tested, followed by TIBA. Other compounds tested were at least 300 times less inhibitory to IAA transport. The best growth promoters were the least inhibitory to transport, and the most effective transport inhibitors were at best poor auxins. It is suggested that the weak auxin and auxin synergistic activity of TIBA (and perhaps 2, 3-dichlorobenzoic acid) in extension growth tests arises from its inhibition of transport of endogenous or added auxin out of the sections, rather than from its intrinsic auxin activity. Chemically induced apolar callus growth on vascularized tobacco stem explants can arise from inhibition of native auxin transport, apolar growth stimulation by auxinic action of the test compound, or both.Prior studies (10,11,20,22,23,24,25,32) of the effect of chemicals on polar auxin transport have shown that those which A) interfere with ATP formation ( 3DNP), B) are sulfhydryl binders (TIBA, iodoacetate, PCMB) or C) are weak (NPA, 2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid) or strong (2,4-D) auxins can all decrease the amount of IAA reaching a receptor block from the basal end of a section of stem tissue to whose apical end it has been applied. A limited survey of 10 phenoxyacetic acids (24) showed that transport inhibition increased with the number of substituted chlorine atoms up to 3, and that the active molecules tended to have higher This studN' was aided by funds from the National Science Foundation, Grants C 14545 and GB 153.2 Present address: Department of Botany, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. 3 The following abbreviations and trivial names are used throughout: DNP = 2,4-dinitrophenol, NPA = N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid, PCMB = p-chlorophenylmercuribenzoate, 'rIBA -2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid, amiben = 3-amino-2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid, dicamba = 2,5-dichloro-6-methoxv benzoic acid, dinobein = 2,5-dichloro-3-nitrobenzoic acid.

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Auxin Activity of Substituted Benzoic Acids and Their Effect on Polar Auxin Transport

Keitt

Baker

1966

Plant Physiol.

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“…It was reported that PCIB itself can inhibit polar auxin transport. [63][64][65] However, since the capacity of PAT was similar in the modern and older hybrids, we could possibly exclude differential inhibitory effects of PCIB on PAT in the hybrid seedlings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Erect Leaves in a Modern Maize Hybrid is Associated with Reduced Responsiveness to Auxin and Light of Young Seedlings in vitro

Fellner

Ford

Volkenburgh

2006

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Modern corn (Zea mays L.) varieties have been selected for their ability to maintain productivity in dense plantings. We have tested the possibility that the physiological consequence of the selection involves changes in responsiveness to light and auxin.Etiolated seedlings of two older corn hybrids 307 and 3306 elongated significantly more than seedlings of a modern corn hybrid 3394. The level of endogenous auxin and activity of PAT in 307 and 3394 were similar. Hybrid 3394 shows resistance to auxinand light-induced responses at the seedling, cell and molecular levels. Intact 3394 plants exhibited less responsiveness to the inhibitory effect of R, FR and W, auxin, anti-auxin and inhibitors of PAT. In excised mesocotyl tissue 3394 seedlings also showed essentially low responsiveness to NAA. Cells of 3394 were insensitive to auxin-and light-induced hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane. Expression of ABP4 was much less in 3394 than in 307, and in contrast to 307, it was not upregulated by NAA, R and FR. Preliminary analysis of abp mutants suggests that ABPs may be involved in development of leaf angle in corn.Our results confirm the understanding that auxin interacts with light in the regulation of growth and development of young seedlings and suggest that in corn ABPs may be involved in growth of maize seedlings and development of leaf angle. We hypothesize that ABP4 plays an important role in the auxin-and/or light-induced growth responses. We also hypothesize that in the modern corn hybrid 3394, ABP4 is "mutated," which may result in the observed 3394 phenotypes, including upright leaves.

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“…Thus the movement of IAA may be modified by the cytokinin, kinetin (McCready, Osborne and Black, 1965;Davies, Seth and Wareing, 1966) and by gibberellin (Jacobs and Case, 1965). Similarly Niedergang- Kamien and Leopold (1959) showed that two auxin-type substances, IAA and 2,4-D may interact in transport phenomena. There have been a number of investigations of hormone-directed transport of sugars and ions in which the hormone and mobile substance are spatially separated by plant tissue at the start of the experiment (Seth and Wareing, 1967;Lepp and Peel, 1970;Bowen and Wareing, 1971).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Gibberellic Acid, Kinetin and Indolylacetic Acid on the Lateral Movement of Labelled Plant Growth Regulators in Willow Stems

Field

1973

New Phytologist

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SUMMARYUsing willow stem segments it has been possible to show that the presence of gibberellic acid in the xylem can influence the lateral mobility of radioactive indolylacetic acid and its principal metabolite, indoleacetylaspartic acid. The extent of the lateral movement of indolylacetic acid depends on the concentration of endogenous gibberellin in the xylem, and movement may be increased by exogenous gibberellin applications to the xylem. The mechanism controlling the lateral movement of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetie acid appeared to be somewhat different and there was no positive movement towards gibberellin.These results are discussed in relation to previous experimentation on the interaction of plant growth regulators during transport. It is suggested that gibberellins may influence cell membranes and this may account for their effects on the transport of indolylacetic acid.

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The Inhibition of Transport of Indoleacetic Acid hy Pheuoxyacetic Acids

Cited by 21 publications

References 11 publications

Auxin Activity of Substituted Benzoic Acids and Their Effect on Polar Auxin Transport

Auxin Activity of Substituted Benzoic Acids and Their Effect on Polar Auxin Transport

Development of Erect Leaves in a Modern Maize Hybrid is Associated with Reduced Responsiveness to Auxin and Light of Young Seedlings in vitro

The Effect of Gibberellic Acid, Kinetin and Indolylacetic Acid on the Lateral Movement of Labelled Plant Growth Regulators in Willow Stems

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