The inhibitory effects of components from a brown alga, Eisenia arborea, on degranulation of mast cells and eicosanoid synthesis

Inhibitory Effect of Extracts from the Brown Alga, Ecklonia stolonifera, on Enzymes Responsible for Allergic Reactions and Degranulation in RBL-2H3 Cells

“…In this study, the observation that the M/C extract inhibited COX-2, SBL, PLA 2 and HA activities, suggested that components of the alga possess anti-inflammatory mechanisms that are unrelated to the inhibition of COX-2 protein expression. Based on our previous studies, the IC 50 values of the inhibitory effects of the M/C extract from E. stolonifera on COX-2, PLA 2 and HA activities were similar to those of an M/C extract from Eisenia arborea (COX-2, 0.97 mg/mL; PLA 2 , 0.37 mg/mL; HA, 0.29 mg/mL) (Sugiura et al, 2009b;unpublished data). However, whereas the IC 50 values of the inhibitory effects of the M/C extract from E. stolonifera on SBL activity was 0.04 mg/mL, that of E. arborea was > 2 mg/mL (inhibition ratio at 2 mg/mL, 41.1%; unpublished data).…”

“…The assay for the inhibitory effects on the activities of the enzymes (COX-2, Soybean lipoxygenase (SBL), PLA 2 and HA) was based on a previous report (Sugiura et al, 2009b). Since it is known that there is homology in the amino acid sequence of the active site of SBL and human 5-lipoxygenase (Funk et al, 1989;Shibata et al, 1987), and a natural product, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, inhibits the activity of the two enzymes (Yasumoto et al, 1970), SBL (Type I-B, Sigma-Aldrich) was used as an alternative to human 5-lipoxygenase (Komoda et al, 1995).…”

“…In a previous study, we found that phlorotannins (seaweed polyphenol) derived from Eisenia arborea inhibit the degranulation of cultured cells (rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) -2H3, KU812) as well as the activities of enzymes (cyclooxygenase (COX) -2, lipoxygenase (LOX), phospholipaseA 2 (PLA 2 ), and hyaluronidase (HA)) involved in allergic reactions (Sugiura et al, 2009b). Therefore, in this study, to elucidate the anti-allergic mechanisms different from those inhibiting degranulation in KU812 cells and anti-inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells, we examined inhibition of COX-2, LOX, PLA 2 and HA by the M/C extracts of the alga, as well as inhibition of degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells.…”

“…Consequently, E. stolonifera has come to be regarded as a "nuisance" species. However, from the discovery that E. stolonifera possesses anti-allergic and antiinflammatory effects by inhibiting degranulation in KU812 cells and anti-inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells (Kim et al, 2009;Shim et al, 2009), this alga could potentially be used as an anti-allergic food source.In a previous study, we found that phlorotannins (seaweed polyphenol) derived from Eisenia arborea inhibit the degranulation of cultured cells (rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) -2H3, KU812) as well as the activities of enzymes (cyclooxygenase (COX) -2, lipoxygenase (LOX), phospholipaseA 2 (PLA 2 ), and hyaluronidase (HA)) involved in allergic reactions (Sugiura et al, 2009b). Therefore, in this study, to elucidate the anti-allergic mechanisms different from those inhibiting degranulation in KU812 cells and anti-inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells, we examined inhibition of COX-2, LOX, PLA 2 and HA by the M/C extracts of the alga, as well as inhibition of degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells.…”

The Suppressive Effect of a Marine Carotenoid, Fucoxanthin, on Mouse Ear Swelling through Regulation of Activities and mRNA Expression of Inflammation-associated Enzymes

“…Phospholipase A 2 Assays for inhibitory effects of test samples on PLA 2 activity were conducted according to Sugiura et al (2009). Tris-HCl buffer was added.…”