The Insulin-like Growth Factors and feto-placental Growth

Fowden, Abigail L.

doi:10.1016/s0143-4004(03)00080-8

Cited by 345 publications

(313 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…In GDP, the so-called normal baby is influenced by the growth hormone-like effect of hyperinsulinism that develops in response to high maternal glucose levels. During this process, the Insulin-like somatomedine-C acts as a growth factor to increase foetal size [23][24][25][26][27] , and the hemodynamic parameters FI and VI also increase, as demonstrated in the present GDP series, although we found no direct linear correlation.…”

Section: Commentssupporting

confidence: 45%

Placental virtual biopsy: 3D-US hemodynamics of normal pregnancy versus gestational diabetes

Troyano-Luque

Ferrer-Roca

Barco-Marcellán

et al. 2013

JBGC

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Objectives: We used three-dimensional ultrasound with trans-abdominal Power-Doppler (3D-US PD) to determine placental vascular evolution in normal pregnancies (NP) and in insulin-dependent Gestational Diabetes Pregnancies (GDP). Study design:We obtained 473 measurements from 43 NP at 20 weeks-40 weeks gestation and 122 measurements from 70 insulin-dependent GDP at 22 weeks-40 weeks. Standardization was achieved recording three successive placental vascular tree volumes, measuring the spherical volume between the chorionic and basal plates always under or near funicular insertion. Parameters analysed were: mean intensity of blood flow (Flow Index, FI); percentage of volume occupied by vessels (Vascularisation Index, VI); and intensity of blood flow in the volume occupied by vessels (Vascularisation-flow index, VFI). Results:In NP, FI increased throughout early pregnancy and decreased before delivery and correlated with fetal parameters. In contrast, in GDP, FI was high from the onset, better correlated with placental parameters, and had a diagnostic cutoff value of 45, which was only found in 7% of NP at the end of the pregnancy. VI was variable and had a low diagnostic value, being related to placental parameters; VI values were significantly lower in NP (17.4 ± 7.4%) than in GDP (21 ± 12%) with a diagnostic cutoff point at 31%. In NP, FI-peak was at 32 weeks, two weeks after the VI-peak, while VFI showed no significant differences. Conclusions:The results showed that placental blood flow (FI) was related to fetal circulation, while the percentage of vessels per volume (VI) was related to maternal circulation. 3D-US PD indicated a diagnosis of GDP for FI > 45 and VI > 30%. We also discuss the values of change in VI that predict changes in fetal FI.

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Section: Commentssupporting

confidence: 45%

Placental virtual biopsy: 3D-US hemodynamics of normal pregnancy versus gestational diabetes

Troyano-Luque

Ferrer-Roca

Barco-Marcellán

et al. 2013

JBGC

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“…Although IGF‐2 has some effect on foetal and placental development 19, 20, 21, direct measurements of IGF‐1 and IGF‐2 support the predominant role of IGF‐1 in foetal growth. Human foetal serum IGF‐1 concentrations in utero from 15 to 37 weeks of gestational age correlate with foetal weight and bone length 20, 21, 22, 23.…”

Section: Igf‐1 Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin‐like growth factor 1 has multisystem effects on foetal and preterm infant development

et al. 2016

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Poor postnatal growth after preterm birth does not match the normal rapid growth in utero and is associated with preterm morbidities. Insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) axis is the major hormonal mediator of growth in utero, and levels of IGF‐1 are often very low after preterm birth. We reviewed the role of IGF‐1 in foetal development and the corresponding preterm perinatal period to highlight the potential clinical importance of IGF‐1 deficiency in preterm morbidities.ConclusionThere is a rationale for clinical trials to evaluate the potential benefits of IGF‐1 replacement in very preterm infants.

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“…Gene analysis also revealed that the insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 precursor gene (IGFBP-2) was located just 140 kb downstream of the ss86316303 SNP. These IGF-binding proteins inhibit insulin like growth factors with IGFBP-2 believed to play an important role as a growth-promoting hormone during gestation (Fowden, 2003) therefore making it a logical candidate gene. McClure et al (2010) previously associated several QTL regions with birth weight, two of which overlapped with regions identified in the present study; the QTL region around 72 to 74 Mb on chromosome 16 associated with all three traits and the 57 Mb QTL region on chromosome 12 associated only with maternal calving difficulty.…”

Section: Chromosome 18mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide association study for calving traits in Holstein–Friesian dairy cattle

Purfield

Bradley

Kearney

et al. 2014

Animal

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Dystocia and perinatal mortality are quantitative traits that significantly impact animal productivity and welfare. Their economic importance is reflected by their inclusion in the national breeding goals of many cattle populations. The genetic architecture that influences these traits, however, has still yet to be thoroughly defined. Regions of the bovine genome associated with calving difficulty (direct and maternal) and perinatal mortality were detected in this study using a Bayesian approach with 43 204 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on up to 1970 Holstein-Friesian bulls. Several SNPs on chromosomes 5, 6, 11, 12, 17,18 and 28 were detected to be strongly associated with these calving performance traits. Novel genomic regions with previously reported associations with growth, stature, birth weight and bone morphology were identified in the present study as being associated with the three calving performance traits. Morphological abnormalities are a known contributor to perinatal mortality and the most significantly associated SNP for perinatal mortality in the present study was located in a region in linkage disequilibrium with the gene SLC26A7. This gene, SLC26A7, has similarities and colocalises with SLC4A2, which has previously been associated with osteoporosis and mortality in cattle populations. The HHIP gene that is known to be associated with stature in humans was strongly associated with direct calving difficulty in the present study; large calves are known to, on average, have a greater likelihood of dystocia. A stemloop microRNA, bta-mir-1256, on chromosome 12, involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression was associated with maternal calving difficulty. Previously reported quantitative trait loci associated with calving performance traits in other populations were again identified in this study; with one genomic region on chromosome 18 supporting very strong evidence of an underlying causative mutation and accounting for 2.1% of the genetic variation in direct calving difficulty. Overlapping genomic regions associated with one or more of the calving traits were also detected substantiating the known genetic covariances existing between these traits. Moreover, some genomic regions were only associated with one of the calving traits implying the selective genomic breeding programs exploiting these regions could help resolve genetic antagonisms.Keywords: dystocia, mortality, calving difficulty, genomic, quantitative trait loci ImplicationsThis study contributes to the understanding of the underlying genetic architecture and aetiology of dystocia and perinatal mortality both of which are quantitative traits that have a significant economic farm impact. Moreover, the detection of quantitative trait loci associated with only one calving trait can help resolve genetic antagonisms if targeted in genomic breeding programs -for example, selecting for decreased calving difficulty without impacting maternal calving difficulty.

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The Insulin-like Growth Factors and feto-placental Growth

Cited by 345 publications

References 98 publications

Placental virtual biopsy: 3D-US hemodynamics of normal pregnancy versus gestational diabetes

Placental virtual biopsy: 3D-US hemodynamics of normal pregnancy versus gestational diabetes

Insulin‐like growth factor 1 has multisystem effects on foetal and preterm infant development

Genome-wide association study for calving traits in Holstein–Friesian dairy cattle

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