In the complex landscape of modern business, risk management is a critical factor in deciding whether organizations succeed or fail. This review delves into the significance of risk management in enterprise dynamics, exploring its evolution, conceptual framework and the categories of risks organizations face. The study emphasizes the importance of risk identification, assessment, response and continuous monitoring. Additionally, it categorizes enterprise risks, including financial, operational, strategic, compliance and reputational risks. This work highlights the pivotal role of risk management in strategic decision-making, stakeholder confidence, operational resilience, value creation, and innovation, as well as cost reduction. Furthermore, it investigates the emergence of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) and its integration with management science. Empirical findings underscore the positive impact of ERM on organizational risk evaluation and management. The study concludes with thoughts on the objectives of ERM, risk assessment, group impacts, preference consistency, risk management frameworks and potential implementation obstacles that organizations may encounter. The integration of ERM with strategic management is emphasized, providing a comprehensive understanding of organizational dynamics and promoting long-term success.