The intention-behaviour gap: An empirical examination of an integrative perspective to explain exercise behaviour

Gomes, António Rui; Gonçalves, A. Manuela; Maddux, James E.; Carneiro, Luís

doi:10.1080/1612197x.2017.1321030

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Intention on present participants in a 1-year longitudinal design displayed variance of only 5 percent on future behavior. These results are quite below the 11 percent observed by Gomes et al (2017) or the 20 to 30 percent interval identified by Hagger and Chatzisarantis (2009). Current results could be explained by the exercise experience gym members already had.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

“…Gym entries were summed up into two scores, one for the 6 months adherence prior to filling the questionnaires and one after 6 months of regular exercise. Similar procedures have been used in the literature (Gomes et al, 2017) and observable measures are more reliable than self-reported questionnaires (Liu et al, 2016).…”

Section: Enjoyment the Physical Activity Enjoymentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Have you been exercising lately? Testing the role of past behavior on exercise adherence

Rodrigues

Teixeira

Cid³

et al. 2019

J Health Psychol

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The purpose of this study was to test the effect of past behavior on future behavior, considering the motivational sequence proposed by the self-determination theory. The total sample was formed by 293 exercisers aged between 18 and 65 ( M = 36.57 ± SD = 11.25) years. Participants completed a multi-section survey of motivational, emotional and cognitive-related variables, and exercise adherence was measured using computer records. Past behavior was found to offset the direct effect of intention on future behavior and the indirect effect of all other variables under analysis on intention, acting as a “buffer” variable for experienced gym members.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Section: Enjoyment the Physical Activity Enjoymentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Have you been exercising lately? Testing the role of past behavior on exercise adherence

Rodrigues

Teixeira

Cid³

et al. 2019

J Health Psychol

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show abstract

“…Past experience (gym entries six months before the initial assessment) and future exercise adherence (gym entries six months after the initial assessment) were considered for analysis. Similar procedures have already been used in the same context [11], when authors considered gym attendance records as an observable measure of behavior.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among various contemporary theories, the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) [9] stands out as one of the most studied frameworks in the exercise context [10]. This model considers motivational factors as agents for cognitive and behavioral outcomes, such as exercise commitment [11,12]. Central to SDT is the distinction between autonomous motivation, which refers to the experience of personal choice and autonomy, feeling that people's actions represent their true self; and controlled motivation, which represents a feeling of being controlled, pressured or coerced into behaving according to external or self-imposed contingencies.…”

Section: Theoretical Framework In the Exercise Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Exercise Adherence: The Predictability of Past Experience and Motivational Determinants

et al. 2020

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Background: An unresolved debate lingers over the effect of past behavior on motivational patterns and future behavior stability in the exercise context. Theorists argue that past behavior has a residual effect on future behavior; however, empirical studies have shown that past behavior displays significant power in predicting behavior recurrence in the future. The present research aimed to examine the effect of past behavior and motivational determinants on future exercise adherence. Methods: Data from 437 Portuguese gym exercisers (female = 235; male = 202) aged between 18 and 53 years (M = 31.14; SD = 9.47), with exercise experience ranging from 6 to 12 months (M = 9.41; SD = 1.33) were considered for research. Participants completed a multi-section survey measuring interpersonal behaviors, basic psychological needs, behavioral regulations, and intentions. Data from past behavior and future exercise adherence were collected using computerized records of their attendance at the gym. Results: Positive and significant correlations paths were evidenced among perceived supportive behaviors, needs satisfaction, autonomous motivation, intentions and future exercise adherence. Similar results were presented among perceived thwarting behaviors, needs frustration, and controlled motivation. Regression paths showed that perceived supportive behavior, basic needs satisfaction, and autonomous motivation displayed positive and significant effects on future behaviors; thus, past behavior displayed the highest coefficient on future exercise adherence. Fitness professionals should aim at creating supportive environments, thus, improving the likelihood of being perceived by exercisers as need-supportive individuals. By doing so, as a result, exercisers would experience increased levels of autonomous motivation and higher rates of future exercise attendance at the gym. Hence, exercisers will gradually form their positive past exercise experience, increasing the probability of engaging in an exercise in the future.

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“…De facto, e considerando a Teoria Comportamento Planeado (que é um dos modelos mais referenciados neste domínio), os resultados têm vindo a demonstrar que a relação entre a intenção de praticar EF e o comportamento efetivo de EF é na ordem dos 45% de variância explicada para a intenção de prática de EF, mas estes valores reduzem-se significativamente para 20% quando se trata de explicar o comportamento efetivo de EF (ver Hagger, Chatzisarantis, & Biddle, 2002). Estudos mais recentes têm vindo igualmente a obter uma menor percentagem de variância explicada da prática de EF relativamente à intenção de prática de EF (ver Gomes, Gonçalves, Maddux, & Carneiro, 2017;Gucciardi & Jackson, 2015). A este fenómeno de baixa relação entre intenção e o comportamento efetivo de EF designou-se por "intention-behaviour gap" (Armitage, 2005;Courneya, 1995), existindo um interesse na 4 | R Morais, AR Gomes literatura em analisar que outros fatores podem ajudar a explicar a relação entre a intenção das pessoas praticarem EF e o comportamento efetivo de EF.…”

Section: Fatores Promotores Do Exercício | 3 Introduçãounclassified

A Transversal and Integrative Analysis of Exercise: A Study with Physical Activity Practitioners

Morais

Gomes²

2018

motricidade

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RESUMOEste estudo foi realizado junto de praticantes de exercício físico (EF), tendo como principais objetivos: (a) compreender a importância dos fatores psicológicos na fase de adoção e manutenção do comportamento de EF; e (b) analisar o comportamento de EF tendo por base uma perspetiva conceptual integradora de diferentes fatores envolvidos neste comportamento, principalmente ao nível psicológico. Foram incluídos no estudo quinze participantes com diferentes níveis de experiência de EF (cinco com 1 mês, cinco com 6 meses e cinco com 12 ou mais meses de prática), sendo sete do sexo masculino e oito do sexo feminino, com uma média de idades de 37.3 anos. Os dados foram recolhidos tendo por base o guião de entrevista "Avaliação Psicológica no EF: Guiões de Entrevista para os Praticantes e para os Monitores (APEF-PM) -versão praticantes". Os principais resultados evidenciaram que o comportamento de EF foi explicado por fatores individuais (e.g., psicológicos), contextuais (e.g., local de prática) e culturais (estereótipos) que, por sua vez, apresentaram alterações ao longo do tempo de prática de EF. Concluindo, a utilização de uma perspetiva qualitativa que integre diferentes abordagens conceptuais revelou-se fundamental para a compreensão dos fatores envolvidos no comportamento de EF. Palavras-chave: Exercício Físico; Fatores Psicológicos; Adoção e Manutenção de Exercício Físico ABSTRACTThis study was done with individuals that practiced exercise and had two main objectives: (a) understand the importance of psychological factors in the process of adoption and maintenance of exercise behavior; and (b) analyze exercise behavior by assuming an integrative conceptual perspective of different factors involved in exercise, especially the ones related with the psychological domain. Fifteen participants (seven males and eight females) with different levels of experience in exercise were selected for this study (five at one month, five at six months and five with 12 or more months of exercise practice). The participants had a mean age of 37.3 years old. Data were collected based on the interview guide "Psychological Assessment in Exercise: Interview Guides for Practitioners and Instructors -Version for Practitioners". The main results showed that the exercise was explained by individual factors (e.g., psychological), contextual factors (e.g., local of practice), and cultural factors (e.g., stereotypes) that, in turn, changed across the time of exercise practice of participants. In conclusion, the use of a qualitative perspective that integrates different conceptual approaches proved to be crucial to understand the factors involved in exercise behavior.

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The intention-behaviour gap: An empirical examination of an integrative perspective to explain exercise behaviour

Cited by 23 publications

References 60 publications

Have you been exercising lately? Testing the role of past behavior on exercise adherence

Have you been exercising lately? Testing the role of past behavior on exercise adherence

Understanding Exercise Adherence: The Predictability of Past Experience and Motivational Determinants

A Transversal and Integrative Analysis of Exercise: A Study with Physical Activity Practitioners

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