The Interdecadal Change of Summer Water Vapor over the Tibetan Plateau and Associated Mechanisms

Zhou, Changyan; Zhao, Ping; Chen, Junming

doi:10.1175/jcli-d-18-0364.1

Cited by 85 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 79 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As illustrated above, the BC aerosol can induce a warmer and wetter plateau. The results are consistent with current studies [42,73,80]. Our results suggest that the heating of LH, SH and longwave radiative forcing could offset the surface cooling effect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The importing water vapor from the west border serves as the primary contribution to the water vapor over the TP, and that from the southern border is the second contribution [37,79]. Besides, the eastern border has the main export channels, which are closely related to the atmospheric circulations [42]. Figure 11a shows that a pronounced anomalous cyclone over the Northwest Pacific Ocean and a weak cyclone system over Pakistan and Afghanistan are stimulated because of the addition of BC in the simulation.…”

Section: Effects Of Bc On the Water Vapor Budgetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The water vapor flux in the whole atmospheric layer (Q) is calculated from the land surface to 100 hPa and the water vapor budget (N) [42] are calculated as follows:…”

Section: Changes Of Water Vapormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Role and Mechanisms of Black Carbon Affecting Water Vapor Transport to Tibet

Luo

Liu

et al. 2020

Remote Sensing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although some studies reported the impact of black carbon (BC) on the climate over the Tibetan Plateau (TP), the contribution and mechanisms of BC affecting the water vapor transport to Tibet are not fully understood yet. Here, utilizing the satellite observations and reanalysis data, the effects of BC on the climate over the TP and water vapor transport to the Tibet were investigated by the Community Earth System Model (CESM 2.1.0). Due to the addition of BC, a positive net heat forcing (average is 0.39 W/m2) is exerted at the surface, which induces a pronounced warming effect over the TP and consequently intensifies the East Asian Summer monsoon (EASM). However, significant cooling effects in northern India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran are induced due to the BC and related feedbacks, which reduces significantly the meridional land–sea thermal contrast and finally weakens the South Asian summer monsoon (SASM). Consequently, the water vapor transport to the south border is decreased due to addition of BC. Moreover, through affecting the atmospheric circulation, the BC could induce an increase in the imported water vapor from the west and east borders of the TP, and an increase outflowing away from the north border of the TP. Overall, due to the BC, the annual mean net importing water vapor over TP is around 271 Gt, which could enhance the precipitation over the TP. The results show that the mean increase in the precipitation over TP is about 0.56 mm/day.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Effects Of Bc On the Water Vapor Budgetmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Role and Mechanisms of Black Carbon Affecting Water Vapor Transport to Tibet

Luo

Liu

et al. 2020

Remote Sensing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Its special mechanical and thermal force especially land-atmosphere interactions determine its unique impact on climate change (Zhao and Chen, 2001a;Zhao and Chen, 2001b;Ueda et al, 2003;Zhao et al, 2018). The TP is known as "the world water tower" (Xu et al, 2008a), where there exists the maximum water vapor content above 600 hPa in summer (Wang et al, 2009;Zhou et al, 2017;Zhou et al, 2019). The TP exerts strong effects on Asian and global water cycles, thus further impacting the Asian monsoon and water vapor distribution in the downstream regions (Xu et al, 2002;Xu et al, 2008b;Chen et al, 2012;Xu et al, 2014;Curio et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) can exert an effect on the interannual variation of precipitation over the TP (Liu and Chen 2000;Liu and Yin 2001;Wang et al, 2017). As far as the decadal change is concerned, it is found that the whole TP has experienced remarkable warming (Liu and Chen 2000;Wu et al, 2007;Kang et al, 2010;Moore 2012) and wetting (Xu et al, 2008a;Zhang et al, 2017;Zhou et al, 2019) at summertime in recent decades. Gao et al (2014) state that the interdecadal growth of TP moisture is owing to the changed location of subtropical westerly jet and enhanced Asian summer monsoon under the global warming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interdecadal Change of Relationship Between Summer Water Vapor Content Over Tibetan Plateau and Spring Sea Surface Temperature in Indian Ocean

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The interannual relationship between the spring sea surface temperature over the western tropical Indian Ocean (WTIO SST) and summer water vapor content over Tibetan Plateau (TPWVC) enhances significantly after 1992/1993. The regressed atmospheric circulation against WTIO SST index (WTIO SSTI) for two periods is explored to explain the interdecadal variation. During ID1 (1979–1991), the center of the anomalous anticyclone is generally located eastward and the weak easterly anomalies on its southern flank transport moisture from the western Pacific to Southeast China with no effects on TPWVC. In ID2 (1994–2017), the Northwest Pacific anticyclone, the anomalous easterlies, and the subtropical high at 500 hPa all move westward and enhance significantly; thus, it forms a westward moisture transport pathway delivering the water vapor from the western Pacific into Tibetan Plateau. A possible mechanism is raised. On the one hand, the SST anomalies (SSTA) related to WTIO SSTI extend eastward from spring to summer in ID2. With the increased mean SST in the Indo-western Pacific Ocean under the global warming and the stronger mean summer SST in the eastern Indian Ocean, the positive SSTA induce the enhanced Kelvin waves and Northwest Pacific anticyclone with strong easterly anomalies during ID2. But in ID1, the SSTA related to WTIO SST confined in the western-central Indian Ocean from spring to summer excite the decreased Kelvin waves with less significant easterly anomalies due to the weaker mean SST. On the other hand, the eastward shift of tropical summer SSTA generates the increased convection and rising motion over the Southeast Indian Ocean in ID2. They enhance the easterly anomalies on the southern flank of the Northwest Pacific anticyclone and induce anticyclonic shear through the meridional circulation. As a result, the easterly anomalies shift westward to transport more moisture into Tibetan Plateau. However, in ID1, the easterly anomalies of the anticyclone cannot be strengthened with no westward shift. Therefore, the above reasons lead to the interdecadal enhancement of relationship between the spring WTIO SST and summer TPWVC.

show abstract

Response of drylands' water‐cycle to the global warming

Luo

Liu

Shao

2021

Intl Journal of Climatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Drylands occupy about 41% of land surface and feed 38% of the world's population, where understanding drylands' water‐cycle is in urgent need. In this study, response of water‐cycle over the drylands to global warming from 1980 to 2015 and its mechanisms have been investigated in detail. The results show that, with the global surface air temperature (SAT) increasing at a rate of 0.03 K⋅year−1 over the drylands, an increased evaporation is found; however, the net water vapour transport over the global drylands appears an overall decreased rate of −0.24 mm⋅year−1. Due to global warming and atmospheric circulation anomalies, the evaporation increases by 1.1 mm⋅year−1, while the precipitation and runoff decrease by −2.32 and −0.8 mm⋅year−1, respectively. In addition, the precipitation conversion rate (PCR) tends to decrease during this period, while the precipitation recycling rate (PRR) shows slightly increasing trend, implying a more dependence of the precipitation on the local evaporation over the drylands. Overall, except the drylands of Africa, it indicates a weakened water‐cycle over the global drylands from 1980 to 2015. Though some findings have been revealed, there still remains some uncertainties due to the observation limitation on the water‐cycle components. Therefore, a comprehensive study including multi‐sourced data and model simulation is expected in the future.

show abstract

The Interdecadal Change of Summer Water Vapor over the Tibetan Plateau and Associated Mechanisms

Cited by 85 publications

References 79 publications

Role and Mechanisms of Black Carbon Affecting Water Vapor Transport to Tibet

Role and Mechanisms of Black Carbon Affecting Water Vapor Transport to Tibet

The Interdecadal Change of Relationship Between Summer Water Vapor Content Over Tibetan Plateau and Spring Sea Surface Temperature in Indian Ocean

Response of drylands' water‐cycle to the global warming

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About