The interdependent effects of soil temperature and water content on soil respiration rate and plant root decomposition in arid grassland soils

Wildung, R. E.; Garland, T.; Buschbom, R.L.

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(75)90052-8

Cited by 229 publications

(97 citation statements)

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“…Actual yield losses due to soilborne pathogens, however, depend on complex interactions of pathogen levels, weather conditions, soil environments, and other yield-limiting factors. Additionally, colder soil temperatures can slow decomposition of cover crop root residues (Stott et al 1986;Wildung et al 1975) and reduce soil N mineralization (Kladivko and Keeney 1987). Therefore, the reduction in soil temperature caused by greater amounts of rye residues on the soil surface would have provided favorable conditions for pathogen infection of corn seedlings, slowed root decomposition and the subsequent decline in pathogen numbers, reduced N mineralization, and slowed corn growth, development, and emergence of nodal roots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Interval Between Cover Crop Termination and Planting Influences Corn Seedling Disease, Plant Growth, and Yield

et al. 2017

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Experiments were established in a controlled-growth chamber and in the field to evaluate the effect of the length of time intervals between winter rye cover crop termination and corn planting on corn seedling disease, corn growth, and grain yield in 2014 and 2015. Rye termination dates ranged from 25 days before planting (DBP) to 2 days after planting (DAP) corn in the field and from 21 DBP to 1 DAP in controlled studies. Results were similar in both environments. In general, shorter intervals increased seedling disease and reduced corn emergence, shoot growth, and grain yield of corn following winter rye compared with corn planted 10 or more days after rye termination or without rye. Incidence of Pythium spp. increased with shorter intervals (less than 8 DBP); incidence of Fusarium spp. was not consistent between runs and experiments. In 2014, in the 1-DAP treatment, number of ears and grain yield were reduced (P = 0.05 and 0.02, respectively). In 2015, all termination intervals reduced plant population, number of ears, and yield (P = 0.01), with the 2-DBP treatment causing the biggest decrease. A 10-to 14-day interval between rye termination and corn planting should be followed to improve corn yield following a rye cover crop. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. AbstractExperiments were established in a controlled-growth chamber and in the field to evaluate the effect of the length of time intervals between winter rye cover crop termination and corn planting on corn seedling disease, corn growth, and grain yield in 2014 and 2015. Rye termination dates ranged from 25 days before planting (DBP) to 2 days after planting (DAP) corn in the field and from 21 DBP to 1 DAP in controlled studies. Results were similar in both environments. In general, shorter intervals increased seedling disease and reduced corn emergence, shoot growth, and grain yield of corn following winter rye compared with corn planted

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Interval Between Cover Crop Termination and Planting Influences Corn Seedling Disease, Plant Growth, and Yield

et al. 2017

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“…When soil water content remains constantly high, temperature is the only parameter related to soil respiration variations [28,30,46,47]. In the majority of the studies, soil moisture plays an important role and many functions have been proposed to describe it [11,49]. Interactions between both factors are emphasized by [18], but only few models consider them [6,17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The key-role of topsoil moisture on CO₂ efflux from a Mediterranean Quercus ilex forest

et al. 2003

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-CO 2 respiratory losses partly determine net carbon ecosystem exchanges. The main objective of this paper was to understand regulation imposed by soil water content and temperature on soil and ecosystem CO 2 efflux in a holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) Mediterranean forest. Soil CO 2 efflux was monitored monthly during 1999 and 2001. Moreover, experimental water treatments were conducted in 1999 over 9 small plots (0.3 m 2 ) during nine months. Results showed strong decreases of soil CO 2 efflux for a relative soil water content below 0.7. Ecosystem respiration measured by eddy covariance over a 4-year period showed strong sensitivity to soil water content and temperature. Severe limitations of soil and ecosystem efflux imposed by low values of soil water content occurred on about 90 days per year. The best adjustments of soil and ecosystem CO 2 efflux were obtained using regression models where the exponential effect of temperature is linearly related to soil water content (r 2 = 0.68 and 0.79 for soil and ecosystem respectively). Our results highlighted strong differences in respiration sensitivity to topsoil moisture between soil and ecosystem. When the relative water content (RWC) is low (0.4), an increase of 1°C provokes an increase of soil respiration of 5.7% and an increase of ecosystem respiration of 8.6%. For nonlimiting soil water conditions, at RWC = 1, the increases of respiration caused by a 1°C temperature increase are of 8.5% and 16.5% for soil and ecosystem respectively. These results emphasized the probable determinant influences of changes in soil water regime for respiratory fluxes and net carbon exchanges of Mediterranean forest ecosystems.CO 2 efflux / soil water content / soil temperature / ecosystem respiration / Mediterranean ecosystem / Quercus ilex Résumé -Le rôle-clé de l'humidité du sol superficiel sur les efflux de CO 2 d'une forêt méditerranéenne de chêne vert. Les pertes de CO 2 par respiration vont déterminer largement les échanges nets de carbone des écosystèmes. L'objectif principal de cet article est de comprendre les régulations imposées par la teneur en eau et la température du sol sur les efflux de CO 2 du sol et de l'écosystème dans une forêt méditerranéenne de chêne vert (Quercus ilex L.). La respiration du sol a été mesurée mensuellement en 1999 et 2001. Par ailleurs, une expérimentation, mise en place en 1999, comprenant trois régimes hydriques a été suivie pendant 9 mois sur 9 parcelles de 0.3 m 2 . Les résultats mettent en évidence la très forte limitation des efflux lorsque la teneur en eau du sol est inférieure à 70 % de sa capacité de rétention. La respiration de l'écosystème mesurée sur une période de 4 ans par la méthode des fluctuations turbulentes montre la même sensibilité aux deux facteurs. Les conditions de fortes limitations par une faible teneur en eau du sol affectent l'écosystème environ 90 jours par an. Les meilleurs ajustements pour la simulation des flux de CO 2 du sol et de l'écosystème sont obtenus pour un modèle dans lequel l'effet exponentiel d...

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“…However, a quadratic equation described the temperature effect in grassland, and a significant relationship was found only in spring for the forest. A study in arid central Washington State indicated that the effect of temperature on seasonal variation in CO 2 efflux manifested only when the soil moisture was sufficient to permit significant root and microbial CO 2 production (Wildung et al, 1975). In a semi-arid area, the soil water content can inhibit CO 2 production in soils (Raich and Tufekcioglu, 2000).…”

Section: Soil Co 2 Emissions and Impact Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil carbon stock and flux in plantation forest and grassland ecosystems in Loess Plateau, China

Li²,

Fu³

et al. 2014

Chin. Geogr. Sci.

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Abstract:Carbon sequestration occurs when cultivated soils are re-vegetated. In the hilly area of the Loess Plateau, China, black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) plantation forest and grassland were the two main vegetation types used to mitigate soil and water loss after cultivation abandonment. The purpose of this study was to compare the soil carbon stock and flux of these two types of vegetation which restored for 25 years. The experiment was conducted in Yangjuangou catchment in Yan′an City, Shaanxi Province, China. Two adjacent slopes were chosen for this study. Six sample sites were spaced every 35-45 m from summit to toe slope along the hill slope, and each sample site contained three sampling plots. Soil organic carbon and related physicochemical properties in the surface soil layer (0-10 cm and 10-20 cm) were measured based on soil sampling and laboratory analysis, and the soil carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions and environmental factors were measured in the same sample sites simultaneously. Results indicated that in general, a higher soil carbon stock was found in the black locust plantation forest than that in grassland throughout the hill slope. Meanwhile, significant differences in the soil carbon stock were observed between these two vegetation types in the upper slope at soil depth 0-10 cm and lower slope at soil depth 10-20 cm. The average daily values of the soil CO 2 emissions were 1.27 mol/(m 2 ·s) and 1.39 mol/(m 2 ·s) for forest and grassland, respectively. The soil carbon flux in forest covered areas was higher in spring and less variation was detected between different seasons, while the highest carbon flux was found in grassland in summer, which was about three times higher than that in autumn and spring. From the carbon sequestration point of view, black locust plantation forest on hill slopes might be better than grassland because of a higher soil carbon stock and lower carbon flux.

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The interdependent effects of soil temperature and water content on soil respiration rate and plant root decomposition in arid grassland soils

Cited by 229 publications

References 5 publications

Time Interval Between Cover Crop Termination and Planting Influences Corn Seedling Disease, Plant Growth, and Yield

Time Interval Between Cover Crop Termination and Planting Influences Corn Seedling Disease, Plant Growth, and Yield

The key-role of topsoil moisture on CO₂ efflux from a Mediterranean Quercus ilex forest

Soil carbon stock and flux in plantation forest and grassland ecosystems in Loess Plateau, China

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The interdependent effects of soil temperature and water content on soil respiration rate and plant root decomposition in arid grassland soils

Cited by 229 publications

References 5 publications

Time Interval Between Cover Crop Termination and Planting Influences Corn Seedling Disease, Plant Growth, and Yield

Time Interval Between Cover Crop Termination and Planting Influences Corn Seedling Disease, Plant Growth, and Yield

The key-role of topsoil moisture on CO2 efflux from a Mediterranean Quercus ilex forest

Soil carbon stock and flux in plantation forest and grassland ecosystems in Loess Plateau, China

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The key-role of topsoil moisture on CO₂ efflux from a Mediterranean Quercus ilex forest