The Internal Remodeling of Bones

Lacroix, P

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-119203-7.50010-6

Cited by 29 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…They found that 19% of the drifting systems were drifting toward the periosteum, and 81% were drifting toward the endosteum. However, Lacroix [1971] reported no predilection in DTD in a tibial cross section from a 12-yearold boy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is unlikely that the orientation of the strain environment changes so drastically during the sigma period required to deposit an osteon. (3) Lacroix [1971] and Burton et al [1989] observed that drifting and type I BMUs were active simultaneously in the cortices of young individuals. If the drifting systems were forming in response to strain gradients, it is unclear why other systems, subjected to a similar strain environment, would not exhibit transverse drift, unless the type I BMUs were localized to topographic regions experiencing subthreshold strains (e.g., the neutral axis).…”

Section: Mechanical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Type II (embedded) osteons are smaller versions of common osteons that form within, but do not cross, the cement line of a preexisting secondary osteon. They form by radial erosion of a preexisting Haversian canal, followed by centripetal deposition of lamellae [Cohen and Harris, 1958;Lacroix, 1971;Jaworski et al, 1972;Ortner, 1975]. Double zonal osteons form in an identical manner to type I osteons, except that matrix elaboration is temporarily arrested during the formation period of the BMU [Lacroix, 1971;Pankovich et al, 1974].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Type I (common) osteons are characterized by uninterrupted, centripetally deposited lamellae surrounding a centrally located Haversian canal. Their formation and 3-dimensional morphology have been described previously [Cohen and Harris, 1958;Lacroix, 1971;Tappen, 1977]. Type II (embedded) osteons are smaller versions of common osteons that form within, but do not cross, the cement line of a preexisting secondary osteon.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beyond brief mention by a few authors [e.g., Lacroix, 1971;Burton et al, 1989] attesting to their preponderance in subadult bone, drifting osteons have received only scant attention in the literature. Consequently, their spatial architecture and orientation, and the factors governing the direction of transverse drift (DTD), remain obscure [Frost, 1986].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphology of the Drifting Osteon

Robling¹,

Stout²

1999

Cells Tissues Organs

109

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Drifting osteons were followed longitudinally through the cortex of human and baboon long bones using serial sections. Direction of transverse drift was recorded at different cross-sectional levels of the same systems, and maximum angular change in drift direction was measured for each system. Most drifting osteons exhibit: (1) substantial (∼90°) variation in the direction of transverse drift along their longitudinal axes, (2) intermittent regions of concentric (type I) morphology, and (3) change in drift direction over time, evident at single cross-sectional levels. Additionally, 3-dimensional reconstruction reveals that the basic multicellular units (BMUs) responsible for creating drifting osteons are morphologically distinct from the cutting-cone–closing-cone model BMUs that produce other types of osteons. The stimulus involved in the activation and guidance of drifting BMUs is unclear, but it is likely that the complex strain environment experienced by long bone cortices exerts a significant influence on their morphology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphology of the Drifting Osteon

Robling¹,

Stout²

1999

Cells Tissues Organs

109

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Three‐dimensional studies of resorption spaces and developing osteons

Tappen

1977

Am. J. Anat.

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Resorption spaces and their continuations as developing osteons were traced in serial cross sections from decalcified long bones of dogs, baboons and a man, and from a human rib. Processes of formation of osteons and transverse (Volkmann's) canals can be inferred from three-dimensional studies. Deposits of new osseous tissue begin to line the walls of the spaces soon after termination of resorption. The first deposits are osteoid, usually stained very darkly by the silver nitrate procedure utilized, but a lighter osteoid zone adjacent to the canals occurs frequently. Osteoid linings continue to be produced as lamellar bone forms around them; the large canals of immature osteons usually narrow very gradually. Frequently they terminate both proximally and distally as resorption spaces, indicating that osteons often advance in opposite directions as they develop. Osteoclasts of resorption spaces tunnel preferentially into highly mineralized bone, and usually do not use previously existing canals as templates for their advance. Osteons evidently originate by localized resorption of one side of the wall of an existing vascular channel in bone, with subsequent orientation of the resorption front along the axis of the shaft. Advancing resorption spaces also apparently stimulate the formation of numerous additional transverse canal connections to neighboring longitudinal canals. Serial tracing and silver nitrate differential staining combine to reveal many of the processes of bone remodeling at work, and facilitate quantitative treatment of the data. Further uses in studies of bone tissue and associated cells are recommended.

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Effects of therapeutic radiation on microstructure of the human mandible

Savostin-Asling

Silverman

1978

Am. J. Anat.

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Mandibular bone from eight patients who had received therapeutic radiation (6,000-7,200 rads) for intra-oral cancer was obtained at surgery (1 month to 9 years after radiation) and compared histologically with non-irradiated mandibular bone from five subjects. Measurements made on the internal remodeling process of cortical bone included the extent of internal surface and the fraction indicating resorption, and the proportions of osteones which were incomplete (less than 3/4 filled with matrix), complete, and plugged. Appreciable differences were observed in all parameters except plugged osteones. The findings suggested early cessation of osteogenesis, and somewhat later cessation of resopriton, without subsequent resumption of either process. The histologic appearance of the osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteones was in accord. Microfractures found in the irradiated bone were not seen to have healed. Radiation damage to the osteoprogenitor cells is postulated.

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The Internal Remodeling of Bones

Cited by 29 publications

References 14 publications

Morphology of the Drifting Osteon

Morphology of the Drifting Osteon

Three‐dimensional studies of resorption spaces and developing osteons

Effects of therapeutic radiation on microstructure of the human mandible

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