The internationalization of service firms: A comparison with the manufacturing sector

Spillovers through backward linkages and the export performance of business services. Evidence from a sample of Italian firms

“…The firm's network is the socio-economic system where the firm operates and includes all the relationships with its suppliers, competitors and customers. Within the network, both economic and non-economic exchanges are important, and both potential and actual relationships matter, 4 Buckley, Pass, and Prescott (1999), instead, offer a conceptual framework on the comparison between manufacturing and services. 5 In the context of the role of MNEs in global supply chains Hatani (2009) also explores the possibility of spillover interception and finds that excess inward FDI could hamper the transmission of technological spillovers from foreign firms to the domestic economy.…”

Online Marketing Management allows for Customization in Clothing Industry in Retail Market in China

“…According to Clark [13] and Lovelock's [23] researches, needs of local customers, level of technology within the local infrastructure, costing of local operations and so on are a series of factors need to be considered when internationalizing their operations. Buckley, et al, explore the relationship between marketing strategy for services and cross-market environment [24].…”

A pragmatic service typology: capturing the distinctive dynamics of services in time and space

“…Service typologies are as affluent as the range of criteria that are considered (e.g. Lovelock 1983;Buckley et al 1992): services have been distinguished by the type of delivery, the nature of service activity, the type of client relationship, the degree of standardization and many other characteristics. Within the debate about the multiple distinctive aspects of services, three dimensions appear especially critical and receive full attention by researchers as well as by regional analysts and policy makers: demand orientation, knowledge-intensity, and technologyintensity.…”