The interplay between <i>Trichuris</i> and the microbiota

Lawson, Melissa A.; Roberts, Ian S.; Grencis, Richard K.

doi:10.1017/s0031182021000834

Cited by 22 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…stroma probably feeds mainly on intestinal micro-symbionts (Dunning & Wright, 1970; Adamson, 1989), the composition of which is known to change in helminth infections, and notably in the presence of H . polygyrus (Reynolds et al ., 2014; Cortés et al ., 2019; Lawson et al ., 2021). Moreover, H .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial interactions between two nematode species along the intestine of the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus from woodland and grassland sites in southern England

2021

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The distributions of the nematode parasites Heligmosomoides polygyrus and Syphacia stroma were quantified in three equal-length sections along the intestine of wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) trapped in three different locations in the south of England. The distribution of H. polygyrus did not change in the presence of S. stroma, this species being largely confined to the anterior third of the intestine, whether S. stroma was or was not present. However, while in single infections with S. stroma, worms were equally distributed in the anterior and middle sections of the intestine, in the presence of H. polygyrus, a higher percentage of worms was located in the middle section. This was a dose-dependent response by S. stroma to increasing worm burdens with H. polygyrus, and even relatively low intensities of infection with H. polygyrus (e.g. ≤10 worms) were sufficient to cause a posterior redistribution of S. stroma into the middle section. A similar posterior shift in the percentage distribution of S. stroma in the intestine was evident in juvenile and mature mice of both sexes, and in mice from all three study sites. The ecological significance of these results is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial interactions between two nematode species along the intestine of the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus from woodland and grassland sites in southern England

2021

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“…It is interesting, however, to reflect on the early debate around a host environment incompatibility vs immunity, given our new knowledge of the important contribution of the host microbiome to the success of the parasite, a topic discussed by Lawson et al . (2021) in this volume, and the fact that Pike had noted changes in the bacterial flora in the caeca of Trichuris- infected mice as long ago as 1976 (Pike, 1976) (Table 1).…”

Section: Historical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Eco-Immunologists aim to study immunity to infection in real world settings rather than the highly controlled laboratory environments where most studies on the immune response to infection are conducted. A number of elegant mouse model systems have recently been developed which move from fully wild settings, to the semi-wild enclosure-based systems pioneered by Graham (reviewed by Graham 2021) and a system where inbred strains of mice carry a "wild" microbiome (Rosshart et al 2019 the host, it's parasites and the gut microbiota is extremely well illustrated by studies using T. muris infection of mice, and these complex relationships are described by Lawson et al (2021). Indeed research in this area has illuminated a dependency of the parasite on the host microbiome for maintenance of its life cycle, with T. muris parasites evolving to respond to microbial cues within the host gut as well as harbouring their own unique microbiome.…”

Section: Wild Immunologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Important work by Campbell in 1963 discussed the concept of immune-mediated worm expulsion which was then built upon by numerous elegant studies by Wakelin in the 1960 and 70s (see Wakelin 1967Wakelin , 1970a. It is interesting, however, to reflect on the early debate around a host environment incompatibility versus immunity, given our new knowledge of the important contribution of the host microbiome to the success of the parasite, a topic discussed by Lawson et al (2021) in this volume, and the fact that Pike had noted changes in the bacterial flora in the caeca of Trichuris-infected mice as long ago as 1976 (Pike, 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lessons from studying roundworm and whipworm in the mouse: common themes and unique features

Holland

Else

2021

Parasitology

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Ascaris lumbricoides, the roundworm, and Trichuris trichiura, the whipworm, are human intestinal nematode parasites; both are soil-transmitted helminths, are often placed together in an epidemiological context and both remain neglected despite high prevalence. Our understanding of parasitic disease continues to be enhanced through animal models. Despite the similarities between whipworm and roundworm, there are key differences between the two species and these have influenced the application of their respective animal models. In the case of T. trichiura, the fact that a murine equivalent, T. muris completes its life cycle in a mouse model has greatly enhanced our knowledge of whipworm biology, pathogenicity and immunology. In contrast, A. lumbricoides and its porcine equivalent, Ascaris suum, lack a rodent model in which the life cycle is completed. However, evidence continues to accumulate demonstrating that mice represent useful models of early Ascaris infection, a key stage of the life cycle. The use of mouse models for both Ascaris and Trichuris has a long history with early pioneers discovering fundamental aspects of each parasite's biology. Novel technologies and perspectives, as outlined in this special issue, demonstrate how through the prism of mouse models, we can continue to explore the similarities and differences between roundworms and whipworms.

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“…Interestingly, the parasite itself develops its own specific microbiome which it acquires from the host (White et al, 2018). The role of the microbiome in shaping parasite-host interaction in the context of T. muris is becoming increasingly evident, and a detailed review on this topic is presented by Lawson et al (2021) in this special issue. It is as yet unclear how much these processes are transferrable across different Trichuris spp.…”

Section: Egg-hatching Signals From the Microbiomethe Lessons Learnt From The Laboratory Mouse Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichuris muris as a tool for holistic discovery research: from translational research to environmental bio-tagging

2021

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The interplay between Trichuris and the microbiota

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 22 publications

References 74 publications

Spatial interactions between two nematode species along the intestine of the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus from woodland and grassland sites in southern England

Spatial interactions between two nematode species along the intestine of the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus from woodland and grassland sites in southern England

Lessons from studying roundworm and whipworm in the mouse: common themes and unique features

Trichuris muris as a tool for holistic discovery research: from translational research to environmental bio-tagging

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