The Interplay Between Roots and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Influencing Water and Nutrient Acquisition and Use Efficiency

Kuyper, Thomas W.; Wang, Xinxin; Muchane, Mary Nyawira

doi:10.1002/9781119525417.ch7

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 168 publications

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“…1; Nakayama et al 2018;Pausch and Kuzyakov 2018), i.e., the 'push' hypothesis (Hill et al 2007;Karst et al 2017). C investments in fine roots would shift from elongation (longitudinal growth) to thickening (lateral growth) for transporting water and nutrients more efficiently during temperature and moisture decline (Kuyper et al 2021), i.e., the observed decrease in SRL and SRA from July to September (Table 1). Moreover, plants generally adopt a "bet hedging" strategy to store photosynthetic products in growing season in response to impending cooler temperature (Richardson et al 2013), which is evidenced by the continuous increases in fine root starch and NSC concentration from July to September (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Short-term responses of root exudation C and functional traits to drought of five temperate tree species

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Plant fine root exudation carbon (C) and mycorrhizal colonization are two critical “outsourcing” strategies for water and nutrient exploitation. Quantifying the plasticity of multiple fine root traits under water stress is important for understanding plant adaptations to drought. Here, we carried out a short-term rainfall exclusion experiment in a common garden with five temperate tree species in northeast China, and quantified the co-variation of root exudation C, mycorrhizal colonization, and four morphological and four chemical traits in response to drought. Root exudation C was positively correlated with “fast” root morphological traits (specific root length and area), but negatively correlated with “slow” ones (root diameter and tissue density). Percentage of mycorrhizal colonization decreased as increasing root non-structural carbon concentration, but was weakly correlated with the “fast-slow” morphological traits. Drought increased root diameter, tissue density, nitrogen concentration, exudation C, and mycorrhizal colonization, but decreased non-structural carbon concentration, and specific root length and area. Our findings suggest that fine roots investment in rhizosphere microorganisms through exudation C, together with fungal collaboration and “fast-slow” gradient would encompass a whole root economics space. Drought promotes “slow” root traits for hydraulic safety, but increases root resource acquisition by “outsourcing” processes, i.e., increased C investments in rhizosphere microbes (through root exudation C) and mycorrhizal collaboration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Short-term responses of root exudation C and functional traits to drought of five temperate tree species

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Moreover, the effects of AMF to enhance plant quality during the flowering stage were also found in other flowering plants ( Asrar et al, 2012 ; Gholamhoseini et al, 2013 ). Further research in the separate roles of nutrients (phosphorus) and plant hormones in the interplay between plant roots and mycorrhizal fungi ( Kuyper et al, 2021 ) is recommended. It would also be relevant to test a larger number of species of AMF in order to predict which fungal species contribute more to cannabinoid yield.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of growth and Cannabinoids content of hemp (Cannabis sativa) using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Seemakram

Paluka

Suebrasri³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to promote growth and cannabinoid yield of Cannabis sativa KKU05. A completely randomized design (CRD) was conducted with six replications for 60 days. Two different species of AMF, Rhizophagus prolifer PC2-2 and R. aggregatus BM-3 g3 were selected as inocula and compared with two non-mycorrhizal controls, one without synthetic fertilizer and one with synthetic NPK fertilizer. The unfertilized non-mycorrhizal plants had the lowest performance, whereas plants inoculated with R. aggregatus BM-3 g3 performed best, both in terms of plant biomass and concentrations of CBD and THC. There were no significant differences in plant biomass and cannabinoid concentrations between non-mycorrhizal plants that received synthetic fertilizer and mycorrhizal plants with inoculum of R. prolifer PC2-2. Our data demonstrate the great potential for cannabis cultivation without risking deterioration of soil structure, such as soil hardening and increased acidity, which might be induced by long-term use of synthetic fertilizer.

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“…Instead, they extend the extraction zone of nutrients that are already present in the soil and make poorly mobile nutrients such as phosphorus, zinc or copper, available to the plant. Additional benefits of the AMF symbiosis include disease resistance, drought tolerance and soil structure formation, as described by Kuyper et al (2021). These are considered beyond the scope of this example as they do not directly relate to nutrient acquisition.…”

Section: Nature-mimicry In Soil Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil biodiversity and nature-mimicry in agriculture; the power of metaphor?

2022

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Attention to soil biodiversity and its importance for sustainable food production has markedly increased in recent years. In particular, the loss of soil biodiversity as a consequence of intensive agriculture, land degradation and climate change has raised concerns due to the expected negative impacts on ecosystem services, food security and human health. The result is a strong demand for ‘nature-based’ practices that stimulate soil biodiversity or beneficial soil organisms and enhance soil health. Here, we examine the origin of popular ideas on the role of soil biology in sustainable soil management, as well as their potential to address key global challenges related to agriculture. Three examples of such ideas are discussed: 1) a higher fungal:bacterial (F:B) biomass ratio favours soil carbon storage and nutrient conservation; (2) intensive agricultural practices lead to a decline in soil biodiversity with detrimental consequences for sustainable food production; (3) inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduces agriculture's dependency on synthetic fertilizers. Our analysis demonstrates how ecological theories, especially E.P. Odum's ( 1969 ) hypotheses on ecological succession, have inspired the promotion of agricultural practices and commercial products that are based on the mimicry of (soil biology in) natural ecosystems. Yet our reading of the scientific literature shows that popular claims on the importance of high F:B ratios, soil biodiversity and the inoculation with beneficial microbes for soil health and sustainable agricultural production cannot be generalized and require careful consideration of limitations and possible trade-offs. We argue that dichotomies and pitfalls associated with the normative use of nature as a metaphor for sustainability can be counterproductive given the urgency to achieve real solutions that sustain food production and natural resources. Finally, implications for soil ecology research and sustainable soil management in agriculture are discussed.

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The Interplay Between Roots and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Influencing Water and Nutrient Acquisition and Use Efficiency

Cited by 14 publications

References 168 publications

Short-term responses of root exudation C and functional traits to drought of five temperate tree species

Short-term responses of root exudation C and functional traits to drought of five temperate tree species

Enhancement of growth and Cannabinoids content of hemp (Cannabis sativa) using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Soil biodiversity and nature-mimicry in agriculture; the power of metaphor?

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