“…Furthermore, , because in an artificial transmission line the delay caused by each delay line segment is , and is designed to be identical for RF, LO, and IF artificial T-lines. The noise current appearing at the output of the kth cell experiences a unit delay to reach at the load termination, hence, becomes (for ) (16) The thermal noise due to the source resistance, and its replica components traveling through individual mixer cells are correlated, because they have the same noise source. The additional factor comes from the fact that at each tap-point of the IF T-line, the noise evenly splits into two correlated terms.…”