The intrinsic primary bioreceptivity of concrete in the coastal environment – A review

Bone, Jessica R.; Stafford, Richard; Hall, Alice; Herbert, Roger J.H.

doi:10.1016/j.dibe.2022.100078

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Our results broadly support the emerging hypotheses that concrete is potential habitat for endolithic communities and those communities vary according to the environmental conditions imposed by the concrete. This variation, ranging from negligible microbial levels to microbial levels on par with low-biomass soils, is an important caveat and aligns with the well-developed idea that lithic substrates and building materials vary in terms of their ‘bioreceptivity’ [75] – [77] . This sort of heterogeneity also makes concrete analogous to urban soils, which can vary considerably within a given city because of various human land uses [78] , [79] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Urban endoliths: incidental microbial communities occurring inside concrete

et al. 2023

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<abstract> <p>Concrete is now a prevalent type of synthetic rock, and its production and usage have major environmental implications. Yet, assessments of ordinary concrete have rarely considered that concrete itself is potential habitat for a globally important microbial guild, the endolithic microbes, which live inside rocks and other mineralized substrates. We sought evidence that many common concrete structures harbor endolithic microbial communities and that these communities vary widely depending on the conditions imposed by the concrete. In Summer 2022, we obtained samples from various concrete structures found throughout Lubbock, Texas, USA and subjected the internal (non-surface) portions of each sample to controlled microbial life detection tests including culture tests, DNA quantifications, DNA amplification tests, and ATP assays. The great preponderance of positive life detection results from our concrete samples suggests that most modern concrete hosts cryptic endolith communities composed of bacteria, sometimes co-occurring with fungi and/or archaea. Moreover, many of these microbes are viable, culturable, and identifiable via genetic analysis. Endolith signatures varied widely across concrete samples; some samples only yielded trace evidence of possibly dormant microbes while other samples contained much more microbial biomass and diversity, on par with some low-biomass soils. Pre-cast masonry units and fragments of poured concrete found underwater generally had the most endolith signatures, suggesting that concrete forms and environmental positioning affect endolithy. Endolith biosignatures were generally greater in less dense and less alkaline concrete samples. So, concrete endolith communities may be as ubiquitous and diverse as the concrete structures they inhabit. We propose further research of concrete endoliths to help clarify the role of modern concrete in our rapidly urbanizing biosphere.</p> </abstract>

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Urban endoliths: incidental microbial communities occurring inside concrete

et al. 2023

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“…The growing body of interdisciplinary research involving ecologists and materials scientists is revealing limited differences in the biological colonisation of materials, when cement content, cement-replacements (pulverised fly ash, PFA; ground granulated blast furnace slag, GGBS, fiber concrete), or aggregates and admixtures on biodiversity were examined (Kress et al, 2002;McManus et al, 2018;Becker et al, 2020;Hsiung et al, 2020;Vivier et al, 2021a;Bone et al, 2022a;Hayek et al, 2022;Lapinski et al, 2022). Whilst an early study by Perkol-Finkel et al (2014) reported greater colonisation on lower pH concretes (pH 9-10.5) than 'standard' values (pH 12.5-13.5), this study was confounded as it was impossible to disentangle the separate effects of complexity and material.…”

Section: Wider Consideration Of Materials and Substrate Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experiments suggest limited differences in the communities settling and establishing on these materials (reviewed by Dodds et al, 2022 and on coastal concrete by Bone et al, 2022a). Hartanto et al (2022) for example, reported no tropical intertidal faunal differences and minor algal differences in colonisation of granite, limestone, sandstones and concrete.…”

Section: Wider Consideration Of Materials and Substrate Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal greening of grey infrastructure: an update on the state-of-the-art

Firth,

Bone,

Bartholomew

et al. 2024

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Maritime En

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In the marine environment, greening of grey infrastructure (GGI) is a rapidly growing field that attempts to encourage native marine life to colonize marine artificial structures to enhance biodiversity, thereby promoting ecosystem functioning and hence service provision. By designing multifunctional sea defences, breakwaters, port complexes and off-shore renewable energy installations, these structures can yield myriad environmental benefits, in particular, addressing UN SDG 14: Life below water. Whilst GGI has shown great promise and there is a growing evidence base, there remain many criticisms and knowledge gaps, and some feel that there is scope for GGI to be abused by developers to facilitate harmful development. Given the surge of research in this field in recent years, it is timely to review the literature to provide an update update on the state-of-the-art of the field in relation to the many criticisms and identify remaining knowledge gaps. Despite the rapid and significant advances made in this field, there is currently a lack of science and practice outside of academic sectors in the developed world, and there is a collective need for schemes that encourage intersectoral and transsectoral research, knowledge exchange, and capacity building to optimize GGI in the pursuit of contributing to sustainable development.

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“…Another study focused on modifying concrete structures to facilitate bioreceptivity and biodiversity by substituting cement binder and aggregates in varying proportions and combinations to enhance the primary bioreceptivity of concrete, either chemically or via micro topographical texture. This tended towards enhancing surface roughness for enhanced bioreceptivity, rather than the chemical tunning of concrete that is likely to be spatio-temporally limited for months [25]. Thus, there is a shortage in studying the bioreceptivity of seashell biocomposites, which indicates the need for proposing seashell-based bioreceptive material as a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative construction material.…”

Section: Biocomposite Materials: Fiber Based To Platelet Basedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biowelding 3D-Printed Biodigital Brick of Seashell-Based Biocomposite by Pleurotus ostreatus Mycelium

Abdallah,

Estévez

2023

Biomimetics

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Mycelium biocomposites are eco-friendly, cheap, easy to produce, and have competitive mechanical properties. However, their integration in the built environment as durable and long-lasting materials is not solved yet. Similarly, biocomposites from recycled food waste such as seashells have been gaining increasing interest recently, thanks to their sustainable impact and richness in calcium carbonate and chitin. The current study tests the mycelium binding effect to bioweld a seashell biocomposite 3D-printed brick. The novelty of this study is the combination of mycelium and a non-agro–based substrate, which is seashells. As well as testing the binding capacity of mycelium in welding the lattice curvilinear form of the V3 linear Brick model (V3-LBM). Thus, the V3-LBM is 3D printed in three separate profiles, each composed of five layers of 1 mm/layer thickness, using seashell biocomposite by paste extrusion and testing it for biowelding with Pleurotus ostreatus mycelium to offer a sustainable, ecofriendly, biomineralized brick. The biowelding process investigated the penetration and binding capacity of the mycelium between every two 3D-printed profiles. A cellulose-based culture medium was used to catalyse the mycelium growth. The mycelium biowelding capacity was investigated by SEM microscopy and EDX chemical analysis of three samples from the side corner (S), middle (M), and lateral (L) zones of the biowelded brick. The results revealed that the best biowelding effect was recorded at the corner and lateral zones of the brick. The SEM images exhibited the penetration and the bridging effect achieved by the dense mycelium. The EDX revealed the high concentrations of carbon, oxygen, and calcium at all the analyzed points on the SEM images from all three samples. An inverted relationship between carbon and oxygen as well as sodium and potassium concentrations were also detected, implying the active metabolic interaction between the fungal hyphae and the seashell-based biocomposite. Finally, the results of the SEM-EDX analysis were applied to design favorable tessellation and staking methods for the V3-LBM from the seashell–mycelium composite to deliver enhanced biowelding effect along the Z axis and the XY axis with <1 mm tessellation and staking tolerance.

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The intrinsic primary bioreceptivity of concrete in the coastal environment – A review

Cited by 12 publications

References 102 publications

Urban endoliths: incidental microbial communities occurring inside concrete

Urban endoliths: incidental microbial communities occurring inside concrete

Coastal greening of grey infrastructure: an update on the state-of-the-art

Biowelding 3D-Printed Biodigital Brick of Seashell-Based Biocomposite by Pleurotus ostreatus Mycelium

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