The Investigation of Mid-term Effect of Different Intensity of PNF Stretching on Improve Hamstring Flexibility

Khodayari, Behroz; Dehghani, Yaghoob

doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.508

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…insufficient hamstring flexibility has been shown to be related to problems such as muscle imbalances, muscle injuries, patellar tendinopathy and patellofemoral pain, and low back pain [3]. Many methods are used to reduce the tightness of the hamstring muscles and increase athletic performance and range of motion (RoM); these include static and ballistic stretching, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) [4,5], Kinesio ® tape (KT) applications [6], muscle energy techniques [7], foam roller [1], and instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilizations [8] in various interventions and training programs. However, there is still insufficient evidence about which technique is more effective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching combined with Kinesio taping for hamstring flexibility in amateur athletes: a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial

Çoşkunsu¹,

Mutlu²,

Özdinçler³

2021

Physiother Quart.

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Introduction. This study investigated the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), Kinesio® tape (KT), and PNF combined with KT (PNF + KT) for hamstring flexibility and jumping performance in amateur athletes with hamstring tightness. Methods. overall, 128 amateur athletes were randomly assigned to the PNF (n = 32), KT (n = 32), PNF + KT (n = 32) or control group (n = 32). Flexibility was assessed with active straight leg raise (ASLR) test with a digital goniometer. Performance was evaluated by vertical jump (VJ) and triple hop distance (THd) tests. All measurements were performed by a blinded assessor 3 times: at baseline, immediately after the interventions, and 30 minutes after the interventions. Results. Amateur athletes receiving PNF or KT or PNF + KT demonstrated a greater increase in ASLR and THd tests from baseline to post-intervention scores (p = 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.001 for ASLR; p = 0.001 in all groups for THd, respectively) and from baseline to 30 minutes after intervention (p = 0.001 in all groups for ASLR; p = 0.001 in all groups for THd, respectively). Nevertheless, only the PNF + KT group presented a greater increase in VJ test from baseline to post-intervention scores (p = 0.02). Besides, the effect sizes for the PNF + KT group were higher than in the other groups in all parameters. Conclusions. PNF + KT might be more effective in increasing hamstring flexibility and jumping performance in amateur athletes with hamstring tightness than each method alone.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching combined with Kinesio taping for hamstring flexibility in amateur athletes: a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial

Çoşkunsu¹,

Mutlu²,

Özdinçler³

2021

Physiother Quart.

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“…In all of these, the essential thing is to stretch the muscle for 20 seconds before the next stretch and relax. The most common PNF stretching methods are a combination of agonist and antagonist contraction or stretching and relaxation (Khodayari and Dehghani, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of PNF, ballistic and static stretching on the range of motion after sports injury surgery in football athletes

Sajedi¹,

Bayram²,

Bilgiç³

2020

Afr Educ Res J

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), ballistic, and static stretching exercises on the range of motion after sports injury surgery in soccer team athletes. The purpose of this research was an applied one, in terms of method was descriptive and correlational one. Therefore, in terms of data collection, the research method was the laboratory strategy. The statistical population of this study was injured male students of soccer players who had undergone surgery. The sample included 97 students (30 active ballistic, 30 active statics and 37 PNF stretching exercises). Statistical analysis of the data was done by SPSS 20 software and t-test. Overall, the results showed that PNF stretching had a significant effect, statics stretching had moderate impact and ballistic stretching had a low but significant effect on the range of motion after sports injury in soccer athletes. That is, PNF had the best effect in terms of increasing the range of motion of the muscles after surgery, followed by static and ballistic stretching, respectively.

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“…During stretching, numerous factors may influence the quantitative increase in flexibility; among them, the intensity, in particular, is considered a key factor [2]. Previous studies examining the effects of the different intensities of stretching on flexibility confirmed that moderate-intensity or above stretching leads to a significant increase in flexibility; moreover, low-intensity stretching also sometimes leads to an increase in flexibility [3][4][5]. Nevertheless, previous studies conducted in laboratory conditions have several limitations when it comes to the clinical application of their findings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the order of different intensities poses a limitation. In previous studies where more than two different intensities were used, the method of applying the intensity could be categorized into two types: the stretching may be performed in a randomized order for all intensities within a defined subject [4,[6][7][8] or with only one intensity randomly assigned to each subject [3,5,9]. The former method applies randomized order such that the order of different intensities on flexibility cannot be analyzed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, visual feedback is different in clinical settings. In most previous studies, the contraction force being measured in the experiment was provided to the subjects in real time to aid them in self-regulation of the muscle contraction according to the target intensity [3,5,9,12]. The subjects in such cases were able to monitor the contraction force as a numerical value so that it is possible to perform a muscle contraction of the desired level based on a clear differentiation between two or more intensities assigned for the experiment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Progressive Increased Intensity of PNF Stretching on Hamstring Force and Flexibility

Lim¹

2020

saj

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In most previous studies of PNF stretching performed at different intensities, the subjects were provided with the intensities in a randomized order. In addition, subjects were aided in maintaining a steady level of contraction force using a dynamometer as visual feedback. However, such a procedure differs from the procedure used in actual clinical settings. This study aimed to examine the effect of the applied order of three different intensities of PNF stretching on the ability to regulate the contraction force and increase muscle flexibility. During the 1 st period, three different stretching intensities were applied in the order of 25%, 50%, and 75% of MVC in the group A and in the order of 75%, 50%, and 25% of MVC in the group B. This order was reversed during the 2 nd period. The contraction force was measured using the strain gauge and hamstring flexibility was measured using active knee extension. There was no significant difference between target and contraction intensity at three target intensities in both groups. Additionally, contraction forces between different intensities clearly were distinguished by subjects in both groups. In Group A, increase in flexibility was significantly higher in the 1 st period than in the 2 nd period. Healthy adults could clearly differentiate and regulate contraction intensity when the intensities were differentially applied at 25% intervals. The higher target intensity compliance and increase in flexibility may be anticipated when progressively increase intensity was applied, compared to the same factors in reverse order.

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The Investigation of Mid-term Effect of Different Intensity of PNF Stretching on Improve Hamstring Flexibility

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching combined with Kinesio taping for hamstring flexibility in amateur athletes: a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial

Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching combined with Kinesio taping for hamstring flexibility in amateur athletes: a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial

Effect of PNF, ballistic and static stretching on the range of motion after sports injury surgery in football athletes

Effects of Progressive Increased Intensity of PNF Stretching on Hamstring Force and Flexibility

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