The investigation of physical conditions of boron uptake region in proton boron fusion therapy (PBFT)

Jung, Jin‐Woo; Yoon, Do-Kun; Lee, Heui Chang; Lü, Bo; Suh, Tae Suk

doi:10.1063/1.4963741

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…And also how much is the proton dose enhancement by the produced alpha particles? In fact, the current study contests the results of specific literatures 1,[3][4][5] in terms of physical scientific basis and validity of the MCNPX simulation. Therefore, the cross section of the 11 B(p,α)2α reaction, as well as simulation of interaction between proton beam and a BUR inside a water phantom, was investigated.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The proton beam energy in our study was 80 MeV that is similar to 1,3-5 the 80-MeV 1 ; 60-, 70-, 80-, 90-MeV 3 ; 60-to 120-MeV 4 ; 75-to 85-MeV 5 protons that were used in the mentioned papers. Furthermore, they used pure 11 B cubics 1,3,4 as proton dose booster, which was done in the current work as well. However, no enhancement was seen in the proton 'dose' that has a full agreement with the physical basis of the low cross-section fusion of 11 B.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This range of energy varies for different isotopes and particles. However, the literatures 1,3,5,6 talk about using the 'default library' in their MCNPX calculations, while there is no 'default' library available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Latterly, a 96•62% amplification of proton dose was reported. 3 Therefore, it was concluded that this method decreases the normal tissues dose, and it can be used for an accelerated treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is the proton–boron fusion therapy effective?

et al. 2020

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Introduction: In the recent years, some publications (mainly from one group of authors) have dealt with the effectiveness of proton–boron fusion therapy (PBFT). This theory is based on the Q-value of three produced α particles in the reaction of protons with boron (11B). They claim that this reaction significantly increases the absorbed dose in the target volume. However, the current study would re-evaluate their method to show if PBFT is really effective. Methods and materials: A parallel 80-MeV proton beam was irradiated on a water medium in a cubic boron uptake region (BUR). The two-dimensional dose distribution and percentage depth dose of protons, alphas and all particles were calculated using tally F6 and mesh-tallies by Monte Carlo N Particle Transport code. Results: The results not only showed that the dose enhancement in BUR is neglectable but also the higher density of BUR in comparison with water led to decrement of dose in this region. Because of low cross section of boron for proton beam (<100 mb), the α particles’ dose is 1,000 times lower than the proton dose. Conclusions: The physical aspects and the simulation results did not show any effectiveness of the PBFT for proton therapy dose enhancement.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is the proton–boron fusion therapy effective?

et al. 2020

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“…The proton captures 11-boron ( 11 B), resulting in three alpha particles (one 3.76 MeV, two 2.46 MeV) and a 719 keV prompt gamma ray [ 6 , 8 ]. Theoretically, as BNCT generates one alpha particle after the final reaction, the therapeutic effect of PBFT per incident particle is three times greater than that of BNCT [ 9 ]. In addition, based on data from our previous studies, we confirmed that the therapeutic effect of PBFT can be improved by as much as 1.5 times compared to that of a proton beam without a boron compound [ 6 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of prompt gamma ray imaging during proton boron fusion therapy according to boron concentration

Shin

Kim

et al. 2017

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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prompt gamma ray imaging technique according to the clinical boron concentration range during proton boron fusion therapy (PBFT). To acquire a prompt gamma ray image from 32 projections, we simulated four head single photon emission computed tomography and a proton beam nozzle using a Monte Carlo simulation. We used modified ordered subset expectation maximization reconstruction algorithm with a graphic processing unit for fast image acquisition. Boron concentration was set as 20 to 100 μg at intervals of 20 μg. For quantitative analysis of the prompt gamma ray image, we acquired an image profile drawn through two boron uptake regions (BURs) and calculated the contrast value, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and difference between the physical target volume and volume of the prompt gamma ray image. The relative counts of prompt gamma rays were noticeably increased with increasing boron concentration. Although the intensities on the image profiles showed a similar tendency according to the boron concentration, the SNR and contrast value were improved with increasing boron concentration. This study suggests that a tumor monitoring technique using prompt gamma ray detection can be clinically applicable even if the boron concentration is relatively low.

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Technical note: Monte Carlo study of the mechanism of proton–boron fusion therapy

2021

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Proton beam therapy has been found to have enhanced biological effectiveness in targets that contain the boron isotope 11 B, with the alpha particles resulting from the p + 11 B → 3α reaction being hypothesized as the mechanism; in this study, we aimed to elucidate the causes of the enhanced biological effectiveness of proton-boron fusion therapy by performing a detailed Monte Carlo study of the p + 11 B → 3α reaction in a phantom geometry. Methods: We utilized the Geant4 toolkit to create Monte Carlo particle physics simulations. These simulations consisted of a proton beam with a range 30 mm, creating a Spread-Out Bragg Peak with a modulation width of 10 mm, directed into a water phantom containing a region of boron material. Energy deposition, particle energy, and particle fluence were scored along the path of the beam and grouped by particle species. The scoring was performed using a series of cylindrical volumes with a radius of 2.5 mm and depth of 0.1 mm, constructed such that the depth was parallel to the proton beam. Root was then used to perform the data analysis. Results: Our simulations showed that the dose delivered by alpha particles produced by p + 11 B → 3α was several orders of magnitude lower than the dose delivered directly by protons, even when the boron uptake region was comprised entirely of natural boron or pure 11 B. Conclusions: Our findings do not support the theory that an alpha particlebased mechanism is responsible for the enhanced biological effectiveness of proton-boron fusion therapy. We conclude that any enhanced biological effect seen in experimental studies was not caused by fusion reactions between protons and 11 B nuclei. However, it is necessary to reproduce the past experiments that indicated significant dose enhancement.

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The investigation of physical conditions of boron uptake region in proton boron fusion therapy (PBFT)

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Is the proton–boron fusion therapy effective?

Is the proton–boron fusion therapy effective?

Quantitative analysis of prompt gamma ray imaging during proton boron fusion therapy according to boron concentration

Technical note: Monte Carlo study of the mechanism of proton–boron fusion therapy

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