“…These results indicated that Turkiye is tightly integrated into the global markets. Berberoğlu (2020) examined the volatility and spillover effects between the stock markets of Turkiye, Italy, Russia, and Greece from January 1 st , 2010 to December 31 st , 2018, by using cointegration, ARCH-LM, VAR, and VAR-MGARCH models. The results of the study showed that the volatility spillover effect is effective in all stock markets.…”