The Isolation and Absorption Spectrum Maxima of Bacterial Carotenoid Pigments

SUMMARY: The responses of various groups of Gram negative, yellow pigmented rods constructed on the basis of classical criteria to a wide range of cultural and biochemical features were examined. The occurrence of a wide area of slime surrounding true growth with isolates which may spread but did not glide is described. The correlation between the classical groups and divisions suggested on the basis of pigment absorption curves was examined.

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“…The type 4 and 6 pigments were non-carotenoid and may be similar to those described by Sobin & Stahly (1942) for Fhv. okeanokitis and Flav.…”

Section: Rekctionship Of the Pigments Found To Known Pigmentssupporting

confidence: 80%

An Initial Approach to the Taxonomy of Some Gram Negative Yellow Pigmented Rods

McMeekin

Patterson²,

Murray³

1971

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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“…Some of the strains are yellow-pigmented [l] and in certain strains determinants of pigmentation are plasmid-borne [2]. Since a very early report on the presence of nonspecified carotenoid alcohols in Erwinia [3] no further attempts have been made to elucidate the nature of the pigment(s) or to identify possible carotenoids. Identification of the Erwinia pigments, which is reported in the present paper, is of special interest because all the genes necessary for pigment synthesis have been cloned from Erwinia herbicola and expressed in E. eoli [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of carotenoids in Erwinia herbicola and in a transformed Escherichia coli strain

Sandmann

Woods

Tuveson

1990

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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The yellow pigments of Erwinia herbicola Eho 10 and of a transformed Escherichia coli LE392 pPL376 have been identified as carotenoids. HPLC separation, spectra and in some cases mass spectroscopy demonstrated the presence of phytoene (15‐cis isomer), β‐carotene (all‐trans, 9‐cis and 15‐cis), β‐cryptoxanthin (3‐hydroxy βcarotene), zeaxanthin (3,3′‐dihydroxy β‐carotene) and corresponding carotenoid glycosides. In addition, lycopene and β‐carotene accumulated in the presence of the inhibitor 2‐(4‐chlorophenylthio)‐triethylamine HCl. Carotenoid content in the transformed E. coli was two‐fold higher than in E. herbicola. The pattern of the carotenoids was similar in the two organisms. Inactivation of the katF gene in E. coli resulted in an 85% loweing of carotenoid formation, as did the addition of 0.5% glucose to the medium. Suppression of carotenoid formation by inactivation of the katF gene lowered, but did not abolish, the protection offered by carotenoids against inactivation by α‐terthienyl plus near‐ultraviolet light (320–400 nm).

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“…Other workers have reported the main components to be not zeaxanthin but other carotenoids, singly or in mixtures, such as 8-carotene (e, 4-carotene), rubixanthin (&,4i-caroten-3-ol), and rubixanthin esters (10,29,31) or 8-carotene and sarcinaxanthin [2,2'-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2butenyl) y,y-carotene; 9, 27]. In addition, various amounts of more reduced compounds such as phytoene (7,8,11,12,7',8',11',12'-octahydro-4',4carotene), c-carotene (7,8,7',8'-tetrahydro-i,4carotene), and phytofluenol-like compounds have also been reported (10) and are presumed to be biosynthetic precursors of the main pigments.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pigments of Staphylococcus aureus, a series of triterpenoid carotenoids

Marshall¹,

Wilmoth²

1981

J Bacteriol

141

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The pigments of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated and purified, and their chemical structures were determined. All of the 17 compounds identified were triterpenoid carotenoids possessing a C3o chain instead of the C4o carotenoid structure found in most other organisms. The main pigment, staphyloxanthin, was shown to be aD -glucopyranosyl 1-0-(4,4'-diaponeurosporen-4-oate) 6-0-(12methyltetradecanoate), in which glucose is esterified with both a triterpenoid carotenoid carboxylic acid and a C15 fatty acid. It is accompanied by isomers containing other hexoses and homologs containing C17 fatty acids. The carotenes 4,4'-diapophytoene, 4,4'-diapophytofluene, 4-4'-diapo-±-carotene, 4,4'-diapo-7,8,11,12-tetrahydrolycopene, and 4,4'-diaponeurosporene and the xanthophylls 4,4'-diaponeurosporenal, 4,4'-diaponeurosporenoic acid, and glucosyl diaponeurosporenoate were also identified, together with some of their isomers or breakdown products. The symmetrical 4,4'-diapostructure was adopted for these triterpenoid carotenoids, but an alternative unsymmetrical 8'-apostructure could not be excluded.

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The Isolation and Absorption Spectrum Maxima of Bacterial Carotenoid Pigments

Cited by 43 publications

References 13 publications

An Initial Approach to the Taxonomy of Some Gram Negative Yellow Pigmented Rods

An Initial Approach to the Taxonomy of Some Gram Negative Yellow Pigmented Rods

Identification of carotenoids in Erwinia herbicola and in a transformed Escherichia coli strain

Pigments of Staphylococcus aureus, a series of triterpenoid carotenoids

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