The Israel Diabetes and Cognitive Decline (IDCD) study: Design and baseline characteristics

Abstract

Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with increased risk of dementia. The prospective longitudinal Israel Diabetes and Cognitive Decline study aims at identifying T2D-related characteristics associated with cognitive decline. Methods Subjects are population-based T2D 65+, initially cognitively intact. Medical conditions, blood examinations, and medication use data are since 1998; cognitive, functional, demographic, psychiatric, DNA, and inflammatory marker study assessments were conducted every 18 months. Because the duration of T2D reflects its chronicity and implications, we compared short (0–4.99 years), moderate (5–9.99), and long (10+) duration for the first 897 subjects. Results The long duration group used more T2D medications, had higher glucose, lower glomerular filtration rate, slower walking speed, and poorer cognitive functioning. Duration was not associated with most medical, blood, urine, and vital characteristics. Conclusions Tracking cognition, with face-to-face evaluations, exploiting 15 years of historical detailed computerized, easily accessible, and validated T2D-related characteristics may provide novel insights into T2D-related dementia.

Waist circumference is correlated with poorer cognition in elderly type 2 diabetes women

“…Detailed methods of the IDCD are reported in the Supplementary Materials and in Beeri et al [4]. Participants in the IDCD study were randomly selected from T2D individuals in the MHS Diabetes Registry.…”

“…Participants completed a broad neuropsychological battery [4], the basis for the outcome measures. Factor analysis summarized the neuropsychological measures into four domains: language/semantic categorization (similarities, letter fluency, category fluency), episodic memory (immediate recall, delayed recall, and recognition), executive functioning (trails A and trails B, constructional praxis, and digit symbol), and attention/working memory (diamond cancellation, digit span forward, and digit span backward).…”

Shorter Adult Height is Associated with Poorer Cognitive Performance in Elderly Men with Type II Diabetes

“…Participants in the IDCD study were randomly selected from the approximately 11,000 T2D individuals in the MHS Diabetes Registry, maintained since 1998 [22]. The design and rationale of the IDCD has been described in detail elsewhere [22–24]. Briefly, participants included in the study had confirmed T2D, were initially cognitively normal (based on a Clinical Dementia Rating scale [25] score of zero and a multidisciplinary consensus conference), were above the age of 65, lived in central Israel, were fluent in Hebrew, had at least one informant, did not have any neurological or psychiatric conditions potentially affecting cognition (e.g., schizophrenia, stroke), and had at least two HbA1c assessments.…”

Potential contribution of the Alzheimer׳s disease risk locus BIN1 to episodic memory performance in cognitively normal Type 2 diabetes elderly

“…The Israel Diabetes and Cognitive Decline [(IDCD) (Beeri et al, 2014)] sample consists of elderly Israeli Jewish (≥65 years old) T2D subjects, cognitively normal at entry to the study, taking part in a longitudinal investigation for evaluation of the relationship of cognitive decline and long-term T2D characteristics. Participants, residing in Isreal’s central region, were randomly selected from the diabetes registry of the Maccabi Healthcare Services (MHS).…”

“…Subjects were categorized by having ever/never taken the medication (Table 1). For further information regarding the IDCD sample, see Beeri et al (2014).…”