The Jabal Akhdar dome in the Oman Mountains: Evolution of a dynamic fracture system

Gomez‐Rivas, Enrique; Bons, Paul D.; Koehn, Daniel; Urai, János L.; Arndt, Max; Virgo, Simon; Laurich, Ben; Zeeb, Conny; Stark, L.; Blum, Philipp

doi:10.2475/07.2014.02

Cited by 46 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Virgo (2015) summarizes the deformation events into seven phases (I-VII) with possible relation to the geodynamic context. He related his findings with Hilgers (2006), Holland et al (2009a) and Gomez-Rivas et al (2014) and found these to be in general agreement. The phases are as follows: …”

Section: Geological Setting and Study Areasupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Most importantly for this study, SW directed obduction of the volcanic-sedimentary Hawasina nappes and Semail ophiolite nappe started at the end of Cretaceous, during the Cenomanian (Breton et al, 2004;Glennie et al, 1974;Searle, 2007). After nappe emplacement the whole region underwent several episodes of extension and transpression that were followed by uplift, doming and erosion of the Jebel Akhdar Anticline (Al-Wardi and Butler, 2007;Breton et al, 2004;Filbrandt et al, 2006;Fournier et al, 2006;Gomez-Rivas et al, 2014;Hanna, 1990).…”

Section: Geological Setting and Study Areamentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Mechanical twinning is common in veins in the study area; (Gomez-Rivas et al, 2014;Arndt et al, 2014) only the last generations of calcite veins are undeformed.…”

Section: Paragenetic Sequence and Microstructural Development Of Sbvmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…7 (1)). Gomez-Rivas et al (2014) proposed that these stylolites formed during initial subsidence in the sediment rock sequence syn-kinematic to the passive margin stage or during foredeep development, before the nappes were trusted on top of the autochthonous units. Dissolution of the veins along bedding parallel stylolites occurred afterwards by reactivation due to additional loading during nappe emplacement.…”

Section: Paragenetic Sequence and Microstructural Development Of Sbvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calcite veins on the southern flank of the Jebel Akhdar Anticline in the Oman Mountains have been used to study the geologic history of the area and infer paleostress directions and fluid properties Breton et al, 2004;Filbrand et al, 2006;Gomez-Rivas et al, 2014;Hilgers et al, 2006;Holland and Urai, 2010;Holland et al, 2009a, b;Virgo et al, 2013). The predominantly white calcite vein networks occasionally comprise grey, bitumenous calcite veins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Solid bitumen in calcite veins from the Natih Formation in the Oman Mountains: Multiple phases of petroleum migration in a changing stress field

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International Journal of Coal Geology

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Section: Geological Setting and Study Areasupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Geological Setting and Study Areamentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Mechanical twinning is common in veins in the study area; (Gomez-Rivas et al, 2014;Arndt et al, 2014) only the last generations of calcite veins are undeformed.…”

Section: Paragenetic Sequence and Microstructural Development Of Sbvmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Paragenetic Sequence and Microstructural Development Of Sbvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Solid bitumen in calcite veins from the Natih Formation in the Oman Mountains: Multiple phases of petroleum migration in a changing stress field

Fink

Virgo

Arndt

et al. 2016

International Journal of Coal Geology

Self Cite

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Extension fracture propagation in rocks with veins: Insight into the crack‐seal process using Discrete Element Method modeling

2013

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[1] We investigate how existing veins interact with extension fractures in rocks using 3-D Discrete Element Method models with a geometry inspired by tension tests with notched samples. In a sensitivity study, we varied (a) the angle between the vein and the bulk extension direction and (b) the strength ratio between host rock and vein material. Results show a range of vein-fracture interactions, which fall into different, robust, "structural styles." Veins, which are weaker than the host rock, tend to localize fracturing into the vein, even at high-misorientation angles. Veins, which are stronger than the host rock, cause deflection of the fracture tip along the vein-host rock interface. Fractures are arrested at the interface from weak to stronger material. When propagating from a stronger to a weaker material, macroscopic bifurcation of the fracture is common. Complex interactions are favored by a low angle between the vein and the fracture and by high-strength contrast. The structural styles in the models show good agreement with microstructures and mesostructures of crack-seal veins found in natural systems. We propose that these structural styles form the basis for criteria to recognize strength contrasts and stress of crack-seal systems in nature.Citation: Virgo, S., S. Abe, and J. L. Urai (2013), Extension fracture propagation in rocks with veins: Insight into the crack-seal process using Discrete Element Method modeling,

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The evolution of crack seal vein and fracture networks in an evolving stress field: Insights from Discrete Element Models of fracture sealing

2014

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Veins are ubiquitous in upper and middle crustal rocks. Due to strength and stiffness contrast to the host rock, veins can influence crack propagation. Here we present Discrete Element Models to investigate crack-vein interactions by simulating cycles of fracturing of a rock mass, sealing the cracks to form veins, and refracturing the rock mass after rotating the stress field. We observe different styles of interaction between new fractures and existing veins, depending on the strength ratio between vein and host rock and on the changes in the stress field between the different deformation stages. If the orientation of stress field does not change between deformation stages, ataxial crack seal veins are produced if the veins are weak and a bundle of subparallel microveins if the veins are strong. If the stress field is rotated between deformation stages, the interactions include reactivation, fracture deflection, and crosscutting. Reactivation of weak veins occurs even if the vein orientation is highly unfavorable relative to the stress field. Relays of fractures between reactivated veins form at a higher angle to the veins than expected. This demonstrates that the orientation of secondary veins does not reflect the regional stress field in a simple manner and that veins can strongly influence fracture connectivity, with implications for paleostress analysis and basin modeling. Simulation results compare well with field examples of multiphase vein networks in carbonates from Jebel Akhdar, Oman.

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The Jabal Akhdar dome in the Oman Mountains: Evolution of a dynamic fracture system

Abstract: ABSTRACT. The Mesozoic succession of the Jabal Akhdar dome in the Oman

Cited by 46 publications

References 81 publications

Solid bitumen in calcite veins from the Natih Formation in the Oman Mountains: Multiple phases of petroleum migration in a changing stress field

Solid bitumen in calcite veins from the Natih Formation in the Oman Mountains: Multiple phases of petroleum migration in a changing stress field

Extension fracture propagation in rocks with veins: Insight into the crack‐seal process using Discrete Element Method modeling

The evolution of crack seal vein and fracture networks in an evolving stress field: Insights from Discrete Element Models of fracture sealing

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