The journey to psychosis: an exploration of specific psychological pathways

Beards, Stephanie; Fisher, Helen L.

doi:10.1007/s00127-014-0953-6

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…bullying). Informed by previous reviews, which suggested possible moderators and mediators of the CA psychosis relationship (Ayhan et al, 2016;Beards & Fisher, 2014;Bebbington, 2015;Freeman & Garety, 2014;Parakh & Basu, 2013;Pelayo-Teran et al, 2012;Rafiq et al, 2018;Uher, 2014;van Winkel et al, 2013;van Zelst, 2008), we will investigate the effect of genetic vulnerabilities, and biopsychosocial risk factors (e.g. substance use, adult life events and prolonged social stress), as well as psychological mechanisms (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood adversity and psychosis: a systematic review of bio-psycho-social mediators and moderators

et al. 2020

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Abstract The association between childhood adversity (CA) and psychosis has been extensively investigated in recent years. An increasing body of research has also focused on the mediating or moderating role of biological and psychological mechanisms, as well as other risk factors that might account for the link between CA and psychosis. We conducted a systematic search of the PsychINFO, Embase, Ovid, and Web of Science databases for original articles investigating the role of genetic vulnerabilities, environmental factors, psychological and psychopathological mechanisms in the association between CA and psychosis up to August 2019. We included studies with individuals at different stages of the psychosis continuum, from subclinical psychotic experiences to diagnosed disorders. From the 28 944 records identified, a total of 121 studies were included in this review. Only 26% of the studies identified met the criteria for methodological robustness. Overall, the current evidence suggests that CA may be associated with psychosis largely independently of genetic vulnerabilities. More consistent and robust evidence supports interaction between early and recent adversities, as well as the mediating role of attachment and mood symptoms, which is suggestive of an affective pathway between CA and psychosis across the continuum from subclinical experiences to diagnosable disorder. This review highlighted numerous methodological issues with the existing literature, including selection bias, heterogeneity of measurement instruments utilised, and lack of control for potential confounders. Future research should address these limitations to more accurately estimate mediation and moderation effects on the CA-psychosis association to inform the development of preventive interventions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood adversity and psychosis: a systematic review of bio-psycho-social mediators and moderators

et al. 2020

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“…Childhood adversity is one environmental exposure that has been widely investigated and shown to be a robust risk factor for schizophrenic phenomenology across a spectrum of severity ranging from schizotypy personality traits to full-blown psychotic disorder [ 8 – 10 ]. In light of this evidence, growing attention is being focused upon elucidating whether particular adverse experiences may contribute to the development of specific symptom domains as well as the mechanistic processes involved [ 11 – 13 ]. These issues are relevant for informing etiological models of symptom formation and may assist the development of prophylactic interventions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Psychotic-Like Symptoms and Stress Reactivity in Daily Life in Nonclinical Young Adults

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThere is increasing interest in elucidating the association of different childhood adversities with psychosis-spectrum symptoms as well as the mechanistic processes involved. This study used experience sampling methodology to examine (i) associations of a range of childhood adversities with psychosis symptom domains in daily life; (ii) whether associations of abuse and neglect with symptoms are consistent across self-report and interview methods of trauma assessment; and (iii) the role of different adversities in moderating affective, psychotic-like, and paranoid reactivity to situational and social stressors.MethodA total of 206 nonclinical young adults were administered self-report and interview measures to assess childhood abuse, neglect, bullying, losses, and general traumatic events. Participants received personal digital assistants that signaled them randomly eight times daily for one week to complete questionnaires about current experiences, including symptoms, affect, and stress.ResultsSelf-reported and interview-based abuse and neglect were associated with psychotic-like and paranoid symptoms, whereas only self-reported neglect was associated with negative-like symptoms. Bullying was associated with psychotic-like symptoms. Losses and general traumatic events were not directly associated with any of the symptom domains. All the childhood adversities were associated with stress reactivity in daily life. Interpersonal adversities (abuse, neglect, bullying, and losses) moderated psychotic-like and/or paranoid reactivity to situational and social stressors, whereas general traumatic events moderated psychotic-like reactivity to situational stress. Also, different interpersonal adversities exacerbated psychotic-like and/or paranoid symptoms in response to distinct social stressors.DiscussionThe present study provides a unique examination of how childhood adversities impact the expression of spectrum symptoms in the real world and lends support to the notion that stress reactivity is a mechanism implicated in the experience of reality distortion in individuals exposed to childhood trauma. Investigating the interplay between childhood experience and current context is relevant for uncovering potential pathways to the extended psychosis phenotype.

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“…In light of this evidence, growing attention is being focused upon elucidating whether particular adverse experiences may contribute to the development of specific symptom domains as well as the mechanistic processes involved [11][12][13]. These issues are relevant for informing etiological models of symptom formation and may assist the development of prophylactic interventions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Psychotic-Like Symptoms and Stress Reactivity in Daily Life in Nonclinical Young Adults

Cristóbal-Narváez¹,

Sheinbaum²,

Ballespí³

et al. 2016

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The journey to psychosis: an exploration of specific psychological pathways

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Childhood adversity and psychosis: a systematic review of bio-psycho-social mediators and moderators

Childhood adversity and psychosis: a systematic review of bio-psycho-social mediators and moderators

Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Psychotic-Like Symptoms and Stress Reactivity in Daily Life in Nonclinical Young Adults

Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Psychotic-Like Symptoms and Stress Reactivity in Daily Life in Nonclinical Young Adults

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