“…A long-term project being conducted at the IISH: The Global Collaboratory on the History of Labour Relations, 1500-2000 has recently developed a taxonomy of labor relations, based on four large categories: the non-working population, reciprocal, tributary, and commodified labor. 61 According to this categorization, most of the children who lived with or worked for the host Istanbulite families during the 1800-45 period could be classified as non-kin servants performing reciprocal labor. Domestic service sector in Istanbul after 1845, however, witnessed a rapid transformation of labor relations implying a shift from reciprocal to commodified labor.…”