The 'L-Array', a 3D Tool to Characterize a Fracture Pattern in an Urban Zone

Chávez, René E.; Chavez-Hernandez, G.; Tejero, A.; Alcantara, M.A.

doi:10.3997/2214-4609.20144474

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…In order to overcome this problem, the methodology named the 'L'-array and 'Corner'-array allows acquiring reliable distributions of resistivity data at depth beneath the affected area without the need of parallel transects across the constructions (Chavez et al 2011). A first attempt to design an 'L'-array was presented by Baker et al (2001), where the current and potential electrodes were deployed along perpendicular transects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

L‐ and CORNER‐arrays for 3D electric resistivity tomography: an alternative for geophysical surveys in urban zones

Tejero‐Andrade

Cifuentes

Chávez

et al. 2015

Near Surface Geophysics

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Three‐dimensional electric resistivity tomography surveys carried out on heavily urbanized areas represent a cumbersome task since buildings, houses, or other types of obstacles do not allow parallel electric resistivity tomography lines to be deployed. This paper proposes applying any four‐electrode configuration to provide subsurface information in complex urban areas. Such a procedure allows acquiring information beneath a construction by simply surrounding the structure of interest by a series of electric resistivity tomography profiles. Apparent resistivity is obtained from ‘L’‐ and ‘Corner’‐shaped profiles, where alternations between current and potential electrodes are carried out in an automatic way. Four ‘L’‐arrays and four ‘Corner’‐arrays are employed in a square geometry that allows surrounding the studied target to cover the subsurface. The first mentioned array will provide deep information. The second array will cover more of the shallow subsurface information. For the ‘L‐’ and ‘Corner’‐arrays, a mixture of traditional arrays are employed, like the Wenner–Schlumberger, axial, equatorial, azimuthal, and perpendicular dipole arrays. Two synthetic examples are presented to demonstrate the possibilities of the proposed electric arrays. A resistive cube set at the centre of a working cube is modelled. The ‘L‐’ and ‘Corner‐’ arrays are capable to detect such a model; however, dimensions are exaggerated. Later on, an extended wall model is dealt with. Similar results as in the first synthetic example are obtained in terms of geometry and resistivity. However, depth to the top of the wall model is not adequately recovered in comparison with the traditional methodology. Finally, the ‘L’‐ and ‘Corner’‐arrays are applied in an archaeological site named El Pahñu, located in Central Mexico. The new methodology described here is compared with the traditional 3D procedure employing a grid of electric resistivity tomography transects. As expected, the approach discussed in this investigation produced a reasonable solution towards the central portion of the working cube. However, shallow resistive anomalies (size about the electrode interval) were not fully detected, in comparison to a traditional 3D survey, where parallel lines forming a grid could be deployed. The reason is that no electrodes were set towards the central portions of the structure under study. However, the L‐ and Corner‐arrays are more sensitive to anomalies produced by deeper objects, which cannot be observed in the traditional method, especially when objects are located in between the electric resistivity tomography transects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

L‐ and CORNER‐arrays for 3D electric resistivity tomography: an alternative for geophysical surveys in urban zones

Tejero‐Andrade

Cifuentes

Chávez

et al. 2015

Near Surface Geophysics

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“…In order to investigate the area below the Basilica Julia at greater depth in comparison with GPR investigations, a special ERT arrays F I G U R E 6 Six hundred megahertz antenna: Time slices [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] were used. The electrodes were distributed in such a way as to cover the Basilica (Argote-Espino, Tejero-Andrade, Cifuentes-Nava, Iriarte, & Farías, 2013;Chavez, Tejero, Alcantara, & Chavez, 2011;Leucci, 2019;Leucci, 2020;Leucci, De Giorgi, Gizzi, & Persico, 2017; Tejero-Andrade, Cifuentes, Chavez, Lopez Gonzalez, & Delgado-Solorzano, 2015). A dipole-dipole axial array was used.…”

Section: Electrical Resistivity Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground penetrating radar and electrical resistivity tomography investigations in the southern sector of the Roman Forum: First results on the pre‐Augustan phases of the Basilica Julia

Scardozzi

Ismaelli

Leucci

et al. 2020

Archaeological Prospection

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“…In Zone 1 area C, GPR measurements were integrated with ERT measurements. In particular, a special ERT arrays was used, with the electrodes distributed along a path surrounding area C [15,30,44] along an L-shaped line. Moreover, a dipole-dipole equatorial-parallel array was used, too.…”

Section: Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

The Messapic Site of Muro Leccese: New Results from Integrated Geophysical and Archaeological Surveys

et al. 2019

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The regular application of geophysical survey techniques to evaluate archaeological sites is well established as a method for locating, defining, and mapping buried archaeological materials. However, it is not always feasible to apply a range of different methods over a particular site or landscape due to constraints in time or funding. This paper addresses the integrated application of three geophysical survey methods over an important archaeological site located in south Italy. In particular, it is focused on the results achieved from a past geophysical survey and the ongoing excavations performed by archaeologists in the site of Muro Leccese. Muro Leccese (Lecce) is one of the most important Messapian archaeological sites in southern Italy. The archaeological interest of the site was generated since the discovery of the remains of Messapian walls (late 4th–3rd centuries BC). With the aim of widening the archaeological knowledge of the Messapian settlement, several integrated methods, including magnetometry, ground-penetrating radar, and electrical resistivity tomography were used on site to fulfill a number of different research objectives. Since the most important targets were expected to be located at shallow soil depth, a three-dimensional (3D) ground-penetrating radar (GPR) survey was carried out in two zones, which were labeled respectively as zone 1 and zone 2, and were both quite close to the archaeological excavations. The GPR investigations were integrated with a 3D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) survey in zone 1 and with a magnetometric, in gradiometry configuration survey in zone 2. The integration of several techniques allowed mapping the structural remains of this area and leading the excavation project. The geophysical results show a good correspondence with the archaeological features that were found after the excavation. Current work on the geophysical survey data using different codes for the processing of the data and merging different datasets using a Geographic Information System allowed achieving a user-friendly visualization that was presented to the archaeologists.

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The 'L-Array', a 3D Tool to Characterize a Fracture Pattern in an Urban Zone

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

L‐ and CORNER‐arrays for 3D electric resistivity tomography: an alternative for geophysical surveys in urban zones

L‐ and CORNER‐arrays for 3D electric resistivity tomography: an alternative for geophysical surveys in urban zones

Ground penetrating radar and electrical resistivity tomography investigations in the southern sector of the Roman Forum: First results on the pre‐Augustan phases of the Basilica Julia

The Messapic Site of Muro Leccese: New Results from Integrated Geophysical and Archaeological Surveys

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