The Lanthanides

Goering, Peter L.

doi:10.1002/9783527619634.ch35

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…The number of fields in which the lanthanoid(III) cations (Ln 3+ ) are commonly used is impressive (refs − represent only a very small selection of reviews published in the last year, as well as some dedicated books and book chapters − ). Their peculiar chemical and physical characteristics make these cations suitable for industrial and technological applications, involving metallurgy, illumination, glass, ceramics, magnets, petroleum, electronics, nuclear energy, and medicine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this last field, the unique spectroscopic and chemical properties of lanthanoids are exploited for medical imaging, biomedical research purposes, drug delivery, and anticancer therapy. In addition, worth mentioning is the fact that, though no lanthanoids are known to be nutritionally essential in animals or humans, many of these elements can compete with calcium in a number of calcium-mediated biological processes . For all of these reasons, it is important to know how lanthanoids behave in biological systems, where their activity, directly dependent on their speciation (unambiguously defined by IUPAC as the distribution of an element among defined chemical species in a system) in aqueous solution, may be influenced by various ligands and other cations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermodynamic Data for the Modeling of Lanthanoid(III) Sequestration by Reduced Glutathione in Aqueous Solution

et al. 2014

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This contribution reports the results of an investigation on the speciation of various lanthanoid(III) cations (Ln 3+ ), namely, La 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Dy 3+ , and Yb 3+ , in the presence of reduced glutathione (or simply glutathione, GSH), in NaCl (aq) at I = 0.15 mol·dm −3 and T = 298.15 K. GSH forms in all cases the same four species, namely, Ln(GSH)H 3 , Ln(GSH)H 2 , Ln(GSH)H, and Ln(GSH)OH, whose stability depends on the type of lanthanoid, although it is also possible to consider an average stability for a generic lanthanoid, at least for the protonated species. Measurements at different temperatures and ionic strengths for the La 3+ /GSH and Gd 3+ /GSH systems have also been performed, to evaluate their effect on the speciation of both GSH and the Ln 3+ cations. The dependence of the determined stability constants on I and T has been modeled by an extended Debye−Huckel type and by the van't Hoff equations. In this last case, the formation enthalpy changes of La 3+ /GSH species have also been determined. The stability constants obtained have been therefore used to quantify the sequestering ability of GSH toward the investigated cations, in different pH, ionic strength, and temperature conditions, by the calculation of several pL 0.5 parameters. Their analysis showed that, generally, the sequestering ability of GSH increases with increasing pH and decreases with increasing temperature, while the ionic strength has only a small effect. Finally, results obtained may be exploited for the evaluation of the speciation (and, therefore, of the sequestration) of any Ln 3+ cations in the presence of GSH in different conditions of T and I, like those featuring many natural waters and biological fluids.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic Data for the Modeling of Lanthanoid(III) Sequestration by Reduced Glutathione in Aqueous Solution

et al. 2014

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“…It is thought to be relatively persistent, with low removal rates and elimination ascribed to biodegradation rather than sorption processes (Ternes, 1998;Heberer and Reddersen, 2001;Mersmann et al, 2002;Preuß, et al, 2002;Heberer et al, 2004;Kreuzinger et al, 2004). Gd excess has been used as Gd-DTPA as a contrast medium in magnetic resonance imaging since 1988 (Goering et al, 1991). The use of Gd excess as a tracer in Berlin was suggested by Knappe et al (2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Investigation of groundwater residence times during bank filtration in Berlin: a multi‐tracer approach

Massmann

Sültenfuß

Dünnbier

et al. 2007

Hydrological Processes

127

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Abstract:Berlin relies on induced bank filtration from a broad-scale, lake-type surface water system. Because the surface water contains treated sewage, wastewater residues are present in surface water and groundwater. Multiple environmental tracers, including tritium and helium isotopes ( 3 H, 3 He, 4 He), stable isotopes (υ 18 O and υ 2 H) and a number of persistent sewage indicators, such as chloride, boron and a selection of pharmaceutical residues (phenazone-type analgesics and their metabolites, carbamazepine and anthropogenic gadolinium, Gd excess ), were used to estimate travel times from the surface water to individual production and observation wells at two sites. The study revealed a strong vertical age stratification throughout the upper aquifer, with travel times varying from a few months to several decades in greater depth. Whereas the shallow bank filtrate is characterized by the reflection of the time-variant tracer input concentrations and young 3 H/ 3 He ages, the deeper, older bank filtrate displays no tracer seasonality, 3 H/ 3 He ages of a few years to decades and strongly deviating concentrations of several pharmaceutical residues, reflecting concentrations of the source surface water over time. The phenazone-type pharmaceuticals persist in the aquatic environments for decades. Bank filtration in Berlin is only possible at the sandy lakeshores. In greater water depth, impermeable lacustrine sapropels inhibit infiltration. The young bank filtrate originates from the nearest shore, whereas the older bank filtrate infiltrates at more distant shores. This paper illustrates the importance of using multiple tracer methods, capable of resolving a broad range of residence times, to gain a comprehensive understanding of time-scales and infiltration characteristics in a bank filtration system.

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“…Beginning in 1988, these substances have been administered to the circulating systems of human patients as a contrast medium in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for abdominal, cranial, and spinal checks [10]. Commercial Gd compounds are known as Magnevist ® (Schering, Germany), Omniscan ® (Nycomed Pharma, Denmark), Dotarem ® (Laboratoire Guerbet, France), and Multhance ® and Prohance ® (Byk Gulden, Germany).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomalous Gadolinium, Cerium, and Yttrium Contents in the Adige and Isarco River Waters and in the Water of Their Tributaries (Provinces Trento and Bolzano/Bozen, NE Italy)

Möller

Morteani²,

Dulski

2003

Acta hydrochim. hydrobiol.

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Rare earth patterns of surface and groundwaters near big cities often show anthropogenic Gd (Gd ant ) anomalies in addition to geogenic Ce and Y anomalies. The Gd ant anomaly is caused by very stable organic complexes, one of which is gadopentetic acid, Gd-DTPA. Derivatives of this and similar compounds are used as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the human blood system. The organic Gd complexes are stable enough to pass nearly unaffected through sewage treatment plants and are, thereafter, discharged into surface water systems. Water of the rapidly flowing Isarco/Eisack and Adige/Etsch rivers (Provinces of Trento and Bolzano/Bozen, NE Italy) and their tributaries show remarkable variations in anthropogenic Gd contents (Gd ant ). Low Gd ant values are found on Monday and Tuesday, whereas high values are observed during the remaining weekdays. Reliable Gd ant balances are calculated for the river system at the confluence of the Adige and its tributaries. At two places local decrease of Gd ant indicates exfiltration of groundwater. It is demonstrated that Gd ant can be used as a reliably conservative tracer to study the water budget in rapidly flowing alpine river systems. The studied different river waters show considerable negative Ce and positive Y anomalies. Negative Ce anomalies are caused by scavenging of Ce(III) by FeO(OH) precipitates and subsequent oxidation to CeO 2 .Y anomalies are attributed to less sorption of Y than REE onto particulate matter. Thus, Y moves faster than REE. Both, Ce and Y anomalies, are of geogenic origin.

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The Lanthanides

Abstract: Elements and their Compounds in the Environment. 2nd Edition. Edited by E. Merian, M. Anke, M. Ihnat, M. Stoeppler

Cited by 4 publications

References 55 publications

Thermodynamic Data for the Modeling of Lanthanoid(III) Sequestration by Reduced Glutathione in Aqueous Solution

Thermodynamic Data for the Modeling of Lanthanoid(III) Sequestration by Reduced Glutathione in Aqueous Solution

Investigation of groundwater residence times during bank filtration in Berlin: a multi‐tracer approach

Anomalous Gadolinium, Cerium, and Yttrium Contents in the Adige and Isarco River Waters and in the Water of Their Tributaries (Provinces Trento and Bolzano/Bozen, NE Italy)

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