The Legacy of Subsidiarity: The Nonprofit Sector in Germany

Zimmer, Annette; Gärtner, Janne; Priller, Eckhard; Rawert, Peter; Sachße, Christoph; Strachwitz, Rupert Graf; Walz, Rainer

doi:10.1007/978-3-322-80980-3_33

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…2 The term historically originates in the double structure of local government, where numerous administrative tasks, presumably the role of the state to carry, were bestowed upon citizens. Since it was considered an honour to fulfil these governmental tasks, the term 'Ehrenamt'literally an honorary office -emerged (Zimmer et al, 2004). 3 These figures stem from different sources, which may rely on slightly different measurements, and therefore have to be interpreted with caution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This distinction between civic-expressive and welfare fields is explained by the corporatist structure of the welfare regime in Germany (Anheier and Salomon, 1999; Esping-Andersen, 1990), in which welfare services are funded by the government but provided by six large nonprofit welfare associations (Walk et al , 2014a). Under this arrangement, known as the subsidiary principle, government funding is guaranteed by law to a selective group of nonprofit welfare organisations, who are given priority over other service providers (Zimmer et al , 2004). These nonprofits provide services using professionals, making the role of volunteers more limited.…”

Section: Volunteering By Immigrantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immigrant Integration Through Volunteering: The Importance of Contextual Factors

2018

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Volunteering is an under-studied yet potentially beneficial avenue for immigrant integration. Whereas past research has provided important insights into the benefits of immigrant volunteering, it has been frequently based on convenience samples. This paper contributes to the literature on immigrant volunteering on two levels. First, we test less explored questions: the differences between immigrant and native-born volunteers on several volunteer indicators, and the contextual factors (cultural, social, and organisational) associated with immigrants’ proclivity to volunteer. Second, we rely on a representative sample of the German population, and use propensity score matching to strengthen the robustness of our analysis. Findings suggest that, although native-born individuals display higher rates of volunteering than immigrants, they do not significantly differ on most indicators once immigrants become volunteers. Furthermore, time since migration, social networks and organisational membership are significant drivers of immigrant volunteering. Our findings are a signal for policymakers because social policies could better address contextual and organisational barriers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Volunteering By Immigrantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immigrant Integration Through Volunteering: The Importance of Contextual Factors

2018

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“…We had also determined the percentage of associations with names that exhibit differences in language use and culture compared to Austria (17%). For those associations, it would have been necessary to modify the rule set, because although in both countries the same language is spoken, civil society landscapes differ considerably (Heitzmann and Simsa 2004;Zimmer et al 2004). With the unmodified rule set, we could correctly classify 64% of the German associations.…”

Section: Rule-based Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for Classifying Nonprofit Organizations According to their Field of Activity: A Report on Semi-automated Methods Based on Text

2019

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There are various methods for classifying nonprofit organizations (NPOs) according to their field of activity. We report our experiences using two semi-automated methods based on textual data: rule-based classification and machine learning with curated keywords. We use those methods to classify Austrian nonprofit organizations based on the International Classification of Nonprofit Organizations. Those methods can provide a solution to the widespread research problem that quantitative data on the activities of NPOs are needed but not readily available from administrative data, long high-quality texts describing NPOs' activities are mostly unavailable, and human labor resources are limited. We find that in such a setting, rule-based classification performs about as well as manual human coding in terms of precision and sensitivity, while being much more labor-saving. Hence, we share our insights on how to efficiently implement such a rule-based approach. To address scholars with a background in data analytics as well as those without, we provide non-technical explanations and open-source sample code that is free to use and adapt.

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“…This research focuses on HR practices as perceived by employees and HR managers in free welfare associations (FWAs) in Germany, the main provider of social and health care services (Zimmer et al, 2004). increased quality in services with concomitant reduction in costs (Buestrich, Finke-Oltmann, & Wohlfahrt, 2008) and found themselves exposed to marketplace risks hitherto not encountered (Marcus, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%