The Level of Survivin in The Blood and Urine Samples of Bladder Cancer Patients Using the ELISA Method

Abstract

Background: Survivin is a member of inhibitors of the apoptosis family (IAP), it is over-expressed in almost all cancers including bladder cancers in which it is excreted in urine. Objectives: to find the possible suitability of survivin in urine and blood as a novel prognostic and or predictive molecular marker in bladder carcinoma. Patients with methods: urine and serum samples were taken from five groups: healthy persons, patients who had nonneoplastic urinary tract problems, genitourinary cancers excluding bladder cancer, patients with discovered newly or recurrent superficial urinary bladder carcinoma and patients with muscle-invasive or metastatic bladder cancer. All were attendants of the Urology department at Al-Kadhimiya Teaching Hospital in Baghdad. Survivin levels were analyzed by ELISA test in urine and serum samples of the five groups Results: The level of survivin in the normal control group was below the cutoff value in serum (71.385 pg/ml) and cutoff value in urine (71.86 pg/ml) while in non-neoplastic urological conditions the level of the survivin was evaluated above the cutoff value in serum and urine in 1/6 of the cases. While it was evaluated in half of the patients with urological malignancies other than bladder cancer and it was increased above the cutoff volume in 73.68% in the serum of patients with superficial urinary carcinoma and 78.9% in the urine of the same group. Conclusions: specific and sensitive determination of urine and (or) serum survivin provides a simple, non-invasive diagnostic method to complement cytology and (or) other diagnostic markers in persons with new onset or recurrent urinary bladder carcinoma.