The level of threonine in tobacco seeds is limited by substrate availability, while the level of methionine is limited also by the activity of cystathionine γ-synthase

Matityahu, Ifat; Godo, Itamar; Hacham, Yael; Amir, Rachel

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.02.020

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In addition, both seed-specific and constitutive overexpression of insensitive AtD-CGS resulted in higher levels of both soluble and protein-incorporated Met in soybean transgenic lines compared with those in the control [ 4 , 31 ]. Similar observations were also made in Arabidopsis and tobacco plants that specifically overexpressed AtD-CGS and EcAK in seeds, respectively [ 26 , 28 ]. Our study showed that the increased levels of expression of SPE and ACS in the transgenic lines contributed to a higher concentration of SAM ( Figure 4 A).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…However, overexpression of CGS in seeds has led to different results. For example, after overexpressing a feedback-insensitive form of AtCGS ( AtD-CGS ) in soybean, Arabidopsis, and tobacco, the levels of soluble and protein-bound Met in the seeds were substantially increased [ 4 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. However, no increase in the Met content was observed in transgenic adzuki beans overexpressing AtCGS1 (cloned from the Arabidopsis mto1-1 mutant) or in transgenic potatoes overexpressing Sulfolobus tokodaii CGS ( StCGS ) [ 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overexpressing GmCGS2 Improves Total Amino Acid and Protein Content in Soybean Seed

Zhang,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is an important source of plant protein, the nutritional quality of which is considerably affected by the content of the sulfur-containing amino acid, methionine (Met). To improve the quality of soybean protein and increase the Met content in seeds, soybean cystathionine γ-synthase 2 (GmCGS2), the first unique enzyme in Met biosynthesis, was overexpressed in the soybean cultivar “Jack”, producing three transgenic lines (OE3, OE4, and OE10). We detected a considerable increase in the content of free Met and other free amino acids in the developing seeds of the three transgenic lines at the 15th and 75th days after flowering (15D and 75D). In addition, transcriptome analysis showed that the expression of genes related to Met biosynthesis from the aspartate-family pathway and S-methyl Met cycle was promoted in developing green seeds of OE10. Ultimately, the accumulation of total amino acids and soluble proteins in transgenic mature seeds was promoted. Altogether, these results indicated that GmCGS2 plays an important role in Met biosynthesis, by providing a basis for improving the nutritional quality of soybean seeds.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpressing GmCGS2 Improves Total Amino Acid and Protein Content in Soybean Seed

Zhang,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2023

IJMS

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A comparative proteomic approach to identify defence-related proteins between resistant and susceptible rice cultivars challenged with the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani

Sheng

Qiao

et al. 2019

Plant Growth Regul

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Revisiting the attempts to fortify methionine content in plant seeds

Amir

Cohen

Hacham

2019

Journal of Experimental Botany

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The sulfur-containing amino acid methionine belongs to the group of essential amino acids, meaning that humans and animals must consume it in their diets. However, plant seeds have low levels of methionine, limiting their nutritional potential. For this reason, efforts have been made over the years to increase methionine levels in seeds. Here, we summarize these efforts and focus particularly on those utilizing diverse genetic and molecular tools. Four main approaches are described: (i) expression of methionine-rich storage proteins in a seed-specific manner to incorporate more soluble methionine into the protein fraction; (ii) reduction of methionine-poor storage proteins inside the seeds to reinforce the accumulation of methionine-rich proteins; (iii) silencing methionine catabolic enzymes; and (iv) up-regulation of key biosynthetic enzymes participating in methionine synthesis. We focus on the biosynthetic genes that operate de novo in seeds and that belong to the sulfur assimilation and aspartate family pathways, as well as genes from the methionine-specific pathway. We also include those enzymes that operate in non-seed tissues that contribute to the accumulation of methionine in seeds, such as S-methylmethionine enzymes. Finally, we discuss the biotechnological potential of these manipulations to increase methionine content in plant seeds and their effect on seed germination.

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The level of threonine in tobacco seeds is limited by substrate availability, while the level of methionine is limited also by the activity of cystathionine γ-synthase

Cited by 3 publications

References 40 publications

Overexpressing GmCGS2 Improves Total Amino Acid and Protein Content in Soybean Seed

Overexpressing GmCGS2 Improves Total Amino Acid and Protein Content in Soybean Seed

A comparative proteomic approach to identify defence-related proteins between resistant and susceptible rice cultivars challenged with the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani

Revisiting the attempts to fortify methionine content in plant seeds

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