The levels of anticonvulsants in breast milk.

Kaneko, Sunao; Sato, Tokijiro; Suzuki, Kazunori

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1979.tb04654.x

Cited by 82 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Protein binding of ES is negligible and this could be the explanation for high milk/serum concentration ratios reported by several authors: 0.94 (Koup et al, 1978), 0.79 (Kaneko et al, 1979), 0.80 (Rane & Tunell, 1981) and our own value of 0.86. A nursed infant would therefore ingest a considerable amount of the drug via breast milk.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Ethosuximide in epileptic women during pregnancy and lactation period. Placental transfer, serum concentrations in nursed infants and clinical status.

Kuhnz¹,

Koch²,

Jakob³

et al. 1984

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1 A total of 10 epileptic mothers treated with ethosuximide (ES) as well as their 13 newborns were included in this study. 2 At birth foetal/maternal serum concentration ratios were 0.97 + 0.02 (n = 7) and ES half-lives in three neonates were 32, 37 and 38 h. 3 The breast milk concentrations of ES were similar to those in maternal serum (milk/ serum: 0.86 ± 0.08, n = 12) and the nursed infants maintained serum levels between 15 and 40 ,ug/ml. 4 Two major malformations (bilateral clefting, hare-lip) were observed in two neonates whose mothers received either ES/PB or ES/PMD comedication. The number of minor anomalies was higher in the ES group (6.2, n = 12) than in the pair-matched control group of infants born to non-epileptic mothers (2.1, n = 10). 5 Neonatal behaviour complications occurred in seven infants, two of them were severely affected.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Ethosuximide in epileptic women during pregnancy and lactation period. Placental transfer, serum concentrations in nursed infants and clinical status.

Kuhnz¹,

Koch²,

Jakob³

et al. 1984

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…Carbamazepine is excreted in relatively high levels into breast milk and breastfed infants have measurable serum levels, but they are usually within the anticonvulsant therapeutic range (Kaneko et al 1979). Most infants have no adverse effects (Meador et al 2010;Froescher et al 1984;Veiby et al 2013), but poor sucking, sedation, withdrawal symptoms and a few cases of hepatic dysfunction have been documented (Kuhnz et al 1983;Kaneko et al 1982).…”

Section: Carbamazepine and Breast Feedingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Medication Use in Pregnancy; Treating the Mother: Protecting the Unborn

Gadot

Koren

2014

Medicines for Women

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“…This calculation showed that plas ma PB concentrations gradually elevated due to the in creased weight of the offspring during late lactation (data not shown). Therefore, we corrected the plasma PB con centration using the human milk/plasma ratio of 0.35 reported by Kaneko et al (18,19), although we have no data on the milk/plasma ratio of PB concentrations in rats because measuring PB concentrations in rat milk is difficult. From this calculation, the corrected plasma PB concentrations were relatively constant during lactation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Lactation on Plasma Phenobarbital Concentrations in Rats

Moriyama

Yamashita

Furuno

et al. 1997

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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ABSTRACT-The effect of lactation on the pharmacokinetics of phenobarbital (PB) after delivery was studied in female rats. Non-pregnant animals received PB 20 mg/kg/day twice for 6-7 days before mating, during pregnancy and after delivery. Chronic PB did not significantly influence changes in the body weight of rats after delivery. On the first post-delivery day, the plasma PB concentration in the PB-treated rats was significantly higher than that in PB-treated, non-pregnant rats (non-pregnant rats); and thereafter, it grad ually decreased until ablactation on the 20th day. After ablactation, plasma PB concentrations gradually returned to the level before delivery. In PB-treated rats, pharmacokinetic parameters (Cmax, AUC0-12) of PB between 0 and 12 hr after a single oral administration were significantly decreased during lactation. These results suggest that PB administered during lactation is transferred in part to offspring through maternal milk.

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The levels of anticonvulsants in breast milk.

Cited by 82 publications

References 8 publications

Ethosuximide in epileptic women during pregnancy and lactation period. Placental transfer, serum concentrations in nursed infants and clinical status.

Ethosuximide in epileptic women during pregnancy and lactation period. Placental transfer, serum concentrations in nursed infants and clinical status.

Medication Use in Pregnancy; Treating the Mother: Protecting the Unborn

Influence of Lactation on Plasma Phenobarbital Concentrations in Rats

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