The Liberalization and European Reregulation of Air Transport

Abstract

Outlines the process by which intergovernmental mechanisms for the regulation of civil aviation in Europe were replaced by European Community mechanisms. First, it describes the original preference of member‐state governments for national control of international air transport services. Then, it discusses the synergy between transnational industry actors and supranational organizations that conspired to undermine the status quo. Finally, it examines the EC policy‐making process, charting the response of member‐state governments to these pressures for Europeanization of the civil aviation sector.

The road to external representation: the European Commission's activism in international air transport

“…The regional airports in question in the four countries were to be excluded from liberalization during a first stage on liberalization, but further measures could not be delayed after mid-1990. On the basis of this compromise, EU-wide agreement on the air transport package was reached in late 1987 (for further discussion, see Kassim 1996;Holmes and McGowan 1997;O'Reilly and Stone Sweet 1998;Staniland 2003).…”

The European Court of Justice and the judicialization of EU governance

“…In this basic sense, judicialization registers spillover. A large body of empirical research takes up this point explicitly (e.g., Dehousse 1998;Sandholtz 1998;O'Reilly and Stone Sweet 1998;Sbragia 1998), tracing the process through which Governments came to accept constitutional and legislative outcomes that they had rejected prior to important ECJ rulings.…”

Vers des compétences externes : l'activisme de la commission européenne en matière d'aviation internationale

“…Les aéroports régionaux des quatre pays seraient exclus pendant la première phase de la libéralisation ; elle devrait ensuite être mise en place au milieu des années 1990. Sur la base de ce compromis, le Conseil se met d'accord sur la libéralisation du transport aérien en Europe en 1987 (pour plus d'informations : Holmes et McGowan, 1997 ;Kassim, 1996 ;O'Reilly et Stone Sweet, 1998 ;Staniland, 2003).…”