The Libyan Period in Egypt: An Essay in Interpretation

Leahy, Anthony

doi:10.1017/s0263718900007287

Cited by 24 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…All the paraphernalia of Pharaonic elite display seems to have been adopted comprehensively (Figure 6), after all the Libyans had spent part of their prior history in the Egyptian agricultural world of the Delta. 95 There is furthermore, unlike say for example the Mongol experience under Genghis Khan, any certain evidence for the Libyan dynasty remaining rulers over their nomadic 95 For detailed discussions of Libyan acculturation, see Hulin (2020) and Leahy (1985).…”

Section: 'Post-nomadic' Dynasties and Politiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the Nile: Long term Patterns in Nomad-State Interactions across Northeast Africa

Cooper

2022

Mare Nostrum (São Paulo)

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The fertility brought about by the Egyptian and Sudanese Nile Valley allowed for one of the densest urban populations in the African continent, creating a myriad of different dynasties, states, and cities that dominated trade and politics across Northeast Africa. Despite the Nile-centric axis of this world (and our study of it), almost every boundary of the Egyptian or Nubian states were bordered by desert and savannah ecologies, the abode of herders or more properly ‘pastoralist nomads’. From the Marmarica coastal steppe of the Mediterranean coast, to the Atbai Hills of the Red Sea, to the Sahel west of the Upper Nubian Nile in Kordofan, Northeast Africa was dominated by nomads. In this thinking, sedentary urban groups on the Nile are spatially the exception rather than the rule, with urban peoples occupying a thin ribbon of agricultural potential on the banks of the river and select oases. The rest of Northeast Africa was ‘nomad land’. The history of nomad-state interactions is one of constant transgression of each other’s realms, with nomadic peoples coming to the Nile for employment and grazing and Nile peoples journeying through the desert for resource exploitation and trade. This Nile-desert nexus is one of the longest documented case studies in nomad-urban interactions in world history.

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Section: 'Post-nomadic' Dynasties and Politiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the Nile: Long term Patterns in Nomad-State Interactions across Northeast Africa

Cooper

2022

Mare Nostrum (São Paulo)

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“…Si bien es factible que algún grado de aculturación entre los libios y los elementos locales haya tenido lugar, los libios conservaron varios marcadores étnicos: los nombres, los títulos relacionados con la jefatura, los tocados adornados con una pluma, y el establecimiento de largas genealogías indicativas de la importancia del parentesco en estas comunidades (Leahy, 1985;O'Connor, 1990;Ritner, 2009). Sin embargo, hay quienes se preguntan en qué medida la pertenencia a alguno de los distintos grupos étnicos libios era reconocida por la sociedad egipcia, teniendo en cuenta que los libios ya hacía varias generaciones que estaban asentados en Egipto, y proponen una lectura alternativa, argumentando que los gobernantes libios podrían utilizar tales marcadores étnicos para realizar diferenciaciones hacia el interior del grupo gobernante (Riggs y Baines, 2012: 6-7).…”

Section: El Tercer Períodounclassified

Los "Períodos Intermedios" en la historia y en la historiografía del Antiguo Egipto

Flammini¹

2019

RIHAO

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Los denominados “Períodos Intermedios”, calificados por la historiografía tradicional como épocas “oscuras”, de decadencia, revolución o anarquía, fueron descriptos en contraposición a los procesos donde el Estado mantuvo la unidad y el alcance sobre el territorio egipcio, al menos desde Elefantina al Delta. Por cierto, su denominación a través de un orden numérico y su calificación como “intermedios” sugiere cierta semejanza y orden secuencial que está muy lejos de lo que evidencia la documentación. En esta aproximación procuraremos diferenciar las premisas –compartidas o no– que subyacen en la base de las interpretaciones de tales períodos, cuáles son los denominadores comunes y cuáles las singularidades que definen cada uno de estos lapsos disruptivos.

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“…This occurred from the thirteenth century for at least two centuries, and resulted in Libyans ruling over Egypt down to the late eighth century be. Leahy (1985) provides a valuable discussion of the political and cultural characteristics of the regime, arguing against the conventional view that it was highly Egyptianised.…”

Section: Later Prehistorymentioning

confidence: 99%

From Classification to Interpretation: Libyan Prehistory, 1969–1989

Barker

1989

Libyan stud.

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In the 15 years following the Second World War, the available data on the prehistory of North Africa were summarised in a series of major syntheses (notably Alimen 1955; Balout 1955; Ford-Johnston 1959; and Vaufrey 1955). With stratified sequences few and far between, radiometric techniques of absolute dating still at the developmental stage, and little detailed information on palaeoenvironments, it was inevitable that the emphasis of all these studies was on the description and classification of the archaeological record, and its organisation into regional cultural sequences. As far as Libya was concerned, the prehistoric rock carvings of the Fezzan were already well known, particularly from the studies by Graziosi before the war (Graziosi 1934; 1937; 1942), but in terms of artifact assemblages Libyan prehistory was much less understood than the prehistoric sequences of the Maghreb to the west and accordingly much less represented in the syntheses of the 1950s. In general, the prehistory of North Africa was described as a succession of ‘cultural groups’ that were correlated more or less with the better-documented palaeolithic, mesolithic, and neolithic sequences of Europe.During the 1960s, two major studies of Libyan prehistory were published which have had a dominating influence on research in the following 20 years. The first was the publication by Charles McBurney (1967) of the deep stratigraphy of the Haua Fteah cave on the coast of Cyrenaica. McBurney began research on the Libyan Palaeolithic in the years immediately after the war, publishing a variety of surface collections (1947), trial excavations in the Hagfet ed Dabba cave (1950), and a joint study with C. W. Hey (1955) of the relationship between Pleistocene geological and archaeological sequences in Cyrenaica. His excavations in the Haua Fteah were conducted in 1951, 1952, and 1955, the deep sounding revealing a detailed sequence of layers spanning the middle and upper palaeolithic, epipalaeolithic (or mesolithic), and neolithic occupations of the cave (for initial reports: McBurney 1960; 1961; 1962). The full report was able not only to describe the remarkable sequence of assemblages, but also to correlate these with a palaeoenvironmental sequence established from faunal, molluscan, and sedimentary studies of the cave stratigraphy, the sequence also being tied to an absolute chronology based on 20 radiocarbon determinations. The Haua Fteah stratigraphy remains unique not only in Libya but in North Africa as a whole.

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The Libyan Period in Egypt: An Essay in Interpretation

Cited by 24 publications

References 15 publications

Beyond the Nile: Long term Patterns in Nomad-State Interactions across Northeast Africa

Beyond the Nile: Long term Patterns in Nomad-State Interactions across Northeast Africa

Los "Períodos Intermedios" en la historia y en la historiografía del Antiguo Egipto

From Classification to Interpretation: Libyan Prehistory, 1969–1989

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