The lichen flora of Svalbard

Øvstedal, Dag Olav; Tønsberg, Tor; Elvebakk, A.

doi:10.2478/v10208-011-0013-5

Cited by 55 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The ornithogenic communities G1 and G2 were largely devoid of lichens, except for the ornithocoprophilous Physcia spp. and X. candelaria near the little auks colony (Øvstedal, 2009; Wirth, 2010). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Responses of Arctic Vegetation to Nutrient Enrichment by Plankton- and Fish-Eating Colonial Seabirds in Spitsbergen

Zwolicki

Zmudczyńska-Skarbek

Matuła³

et al. 2016

Front. Plant Sci.

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The role of seabirds as sea-land biovectors of nutrients is well documented. However, no studies have examined whether and how colonial seabirds that differ in diet may influence terrestrial vegetation. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to describe and compare plant communities located in the vicinity of the two most common types of seabird colonies in Arctic, occupied by piscivorous or planktivorous species. Within 46 plots arranged in four transects in the vicinity of planktivorous (little auk, Alle alle) and piscivorous colonies (mixed colony of Brunnich’s guillemot, Uria lomvia, and black-legged kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla) we measured the following: guano deposition, physical and chemical characteristics of soil, total nitrogen and its stable isotope signatures in soil and plants, ground vegetation cover of vascular plants and mosses, and the occurrence of lichens, algae and cyanobacteria. Using LINKTREE analysis, we distinguished five plant communities, which reflected declining influence along a birds fertilization gradient measured as guano deposition. SIMPROOF test revealed that these communities differed significantly in species composition, with the differences related to total soil nitrogen content and δ15N, distinctive levels of phosphates, potassium and nitrates, and physical soil properties, i.e., pH, conductivity and moisture. The communities were also clearly distinguished by distance from the bird colony. The two colony types promoted development of specific plant communities: the immediate vicinity of the planktivorous colony characterized by a Deschampsia alpina–Cerastium arcticum community while under the piscivorous colony a Cochlearia groenlandica–Poa alpina community was present. Despite the similar size of the colonies and similar magnitude of guano input, differences between ornithogenic communities were connected mostly to phosphate content in the soil. Our results show that the guano input from seabirds which have different diets can affect High Arctic vegetation in specific and more complex ways than previously realized.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Responses of Arctic Vegetation to Nutrient Enrichment by Plankton- and Fish-Eating Colonial Seabirds in Spitsbergen

Zwolicki

Zmudczyńska-Skarbek

Matuła³

et al. 2016

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Annual mean air temperature in the same period was −3.7 °C, and annual mean precipitation was 192 mm. About 170 vascular plant, 373 bryophyte [24] and 923 lichen species, including lichenicolous fungi [25,26] are known from the archipelago. Approximately half of the ice-free area is without vegetation, and the largest areas with dense vegetation cover are also found in the central parts [27].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Variability in the Onset of the Growing Season on Svalbard, Arctic Norway — Measured by MODIS-NDVI Satellite Data

et al. 2014

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Abstract:The Arctic is among the regions with the most rapid changes in climate and has the expected highest increase in temperature. Changes in the timing of phenological phases, such as onset of the growing season observed from remote sensing, are among the most sensitive bio-indicators of climate change. The study area here is the High Arctic archipelago of Svalbard, located between 76°30ʹ and 80°50ʹN. The goal of this study was to use MODIS Terra data (the MOD09Q1 and MOD09A1 surface reflectance products, both with 8-day temporal composites) to map the onset of the growing season on Svalbard for the 2000-2013 period interpreted from field observations. Due to a short and intense period with greening-up and frequent cloud cover, all the cloud free data is needed, which requires reliable cloud masks. We used a combination of three cloud removing methods (State QA values, own algorithms, and manual removal). This worked well, but is time-consuming as it requires manual interpretation of cloud cover. The onset of the growing season was then mapped by a NDVI threshold method, which showed high correlation (r 2 = 0.60, n = 25, p < 0.001) with field observations of flowering of Salix polaris (polar willow). However, large bias was found between NDVI-based mapped onset and field observations in bryophyte-dominated areas, which indicates that the results in these parts must be interpreted with care. On average for the 14-year period, the onset of the growing season occurs after July 1st in 68.

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“…These species are: Candelariella arctica, C. coralliza, Lecanora plebeja, Bilimbia lobulata, and Xanthoria elegans. and Hertel (1996and Hertel ( ), Øvstedal et al (2009 Driftwood and shrubs (Thomson 1997;Øvstedal et al 2009) Lecidella euphorea (Flörke) Hertel 3 Elvebakk and Hertel (1996), Himelbrant and Kuznetsova (2002) Driftwood and shrubs (Thomson 1997;Elvebakk and Hertel 1996;Himelbrant and Kuznetsova 2002) Physcia caesia (Hoffm.) Hampe et Fürnr.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C. caesiorufella and C. fraudans are stenotopic taxa in the area of Svalbard. How− ever, for the entire Arctic, they are treated as a species with a wider tolerance for the type of substrate, because they were repeatedly recorded on mosses, bones, rocks (Søchting 1989;Elvebakk and Hertel 1996;Himelbrant and Kuznetsova Elvebakk and Hertel (1996), Himelbrant and Kuznetsova (2002), Osyczka andWęgrzyn (2008), Øvstedal et al (2009) Driftwood and old wood on shores and beaches (Thomson 1997;Elvebakk and Hertel 1996;Himelbrant and Kuznetsova 2002;Osyczka and Węgrzyn 2008;Øvstedal et al 2009) 2002; Osyczka and Węgrzyn 2008;Øvstedal et al 2009). Therefore, they can be considered as eurytopic species in the whole Arctic.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New records of driftwood lichens in the Kaffiøyra Plain (NW Spitsbergen, Svalbard)

Węgrzyn¹,

Wietrzyk²,

Adamska³

et al. 2015

Polish Polar Research

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This paper refers to lichen biota growing on driftwood in the Kaffiøyra Plain (NW Spitsbergen, Svalbard). The presented list of 25 lichenized fungi includes both the eurytopic, accidental, typical, and stenotopic species. Taxa that belong to the last two groups can be considered as lignicolous. This study confirms the existence of a specific group of lichen species, for which the driftwood is a main substrate in the Arctic. Addition− ally, five lichen species new for the whole Svalbard were recorded, namely: Candelariella coralliza, Elixia flexella, Lecanora saligna, Lecidea plebeja, and Xylographa sibirica.

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The lichen flora of Svalbard

Cited by 55 publications

References 69 publications

Differential Responses of Arctic Vegetation to Nutrient Enrichment by Plankton- and Fish-Eating Colonial Seabirds in Spitsbergen

Differential Responses of Arctic Vegetation to Nutrient Enrichment by Plankton- and Fish-Eating Colonial Seabirds in Spitsbergen

Spatial and Temporal Variability in the Onset of the Growing Season on Svalbard, Arctic Norway — Measured by MODIS-NDVI Satellite Data

New records of driftwood lichens in the Kaffiøyra Plain (NW Spitsbergen, Svalbard)

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