2016
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13070637
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The Life-Cycle Costs of School Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Access in Kenyan Primary Schools

Abstract: Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) programs in schools can increase the health, dignity and comfort of students and teachers. Understanding the costs of WASH facilities and services in schools is one essential piece for policy makers to utilize when budgeting for schools and helping to make WASH programs more sustainable. In this study we collected data from NGO and government offices, local hardware shops and 89 rural primary schools across three Kenyan counties. Current expenditures on WASH, from school an… Show more

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Cited by 26 publications
(46 citation statements)
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“…Among the articles included after the final screen (n=48), only 12 made some reference to WASH in schools. Of these articles, one focused on hygiene education and latrine cleaning [20], one lists support tools that could be used for WASH in school programs [16], one discussed the benefits of funding school WASH [21], and nine discussed comprehensive WASH (including water supply, sanitation, and hygiene) in schools through a number of case studies in Kenya [22][23][24], the Asian-Pacific region [25], Ethiopia [26], India [27], Uganda [28], Bangladesh [29], and Latin American Countries [30]. These results show a lack of published information around WASH in schools as compared to community WASH.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Among the articles included after the final screen (n=48), only 12 made some reference to WASH in schools. Of these articles, one focused on hygiene education and latrine cleaning [20], one lists support tools that could be used for WASH in school programs [16], one discussed the benefits of funding school WASH [21], and nine discussed comprehensive WASH (including water supply, sanitation, and hygiene) in schools through a number of case studies in Kenya [22][23][24], the Asian-Pacific region [25], Ethiopia [26], India [27], Uganda [28], Bangladesh [29], and Latin American Countries [30]. These results show a lack of published information around WASH in schools as compared to community WASH.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, while boreholes were the most frequently mentioned water supply source in African countries, house connections, boreholes, and wells were mentioned about evenly in Latin American and Asian countries. Although a lack of available data makes it difficult to compare costs across regions, past studies have supported that costs of WASH elements vary by geographic area due to differing local costs of labor and materials [24,34,46]. Other local factors such as geography, culture, or funding availability may also influence the WASH components included.…”
Section: Costing Trends and Gapsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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