The light of inflammation in the darkness of the coronary slow flow phenomenon

Fragasso, Gabriele; Maranta, Francesco

doi:10.5152/akd.2013.030

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…3,4 The role of inflammation and platelet function in the development of SCF is also well established. [5][6][7][8] As a combination of both platelet and lymphocyte, the platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) has recently emerged as a new potential inflammatory marker and predictor of major adverse outcomes in various cardiovascular diseases. [9][10][11] Therefore, we hypothesized that PLR may be associated with the presence of SCF because an increased PLR was shown to be related to inflammation and atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio is Related to Slow Coronary Flow

et al. 2015

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Previous studies showed that both inflammation and platelets have a role in development of slow coronary flow (SCF). Platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) as an emerging inflammatory indicator was significantly associated with adverse cardiovascular events. Therefore, we aimed to assess the relationship between PLR and SCF. Patients who had angiographically normal coronary arteries were enrolled in this retrospective study (n ¼ 221 as SCF group and n ¼ 293 as control group). Patients who had thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame counts (TFC) above the normal cutoffs were considered to have SCF. Both PLR and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly higher in the SCF group. In correlation analysis, PLR has a significantly positive correlation with the left anterior descending artery TFC (P ¼ .001), circumflex artery TFC (P < .001), right coronary artery TFC (P < .001), and serum CRP level (P < .001). In multiple logistic regression analysis, PLR was independently associated with presence of SCF (odds ratio: 1.014, P < .001). In conclusion, higher PLR levels were significantly and independently related to the presence of SCF. Besides, PLR was positively correlated with serum CRP level as a conventional marker for systemic inflammation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio is Related to Slow Coronary Flow

et al. 2015

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“…16 Numerous studies reported that sCD40 concentration increased in CAD + patients with CSF, 16,17 and they supposed that CD40 could be introduced as a predictive biomarker for CAD diagnosis. 7 Some other studies reported data that show the relation between sCD40L and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Olenchock et al designed a study that included 2403 patients with ACS and measured the sCD40L level for 10 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 Some studies suggested that CD40 has an important effect on the cardiovascular system and the interaction of CD40 and CD40L could play a significant role in atherogenesis via several pathways including excessive overexpression of transcription factors in endothelial cells, increased expression of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, the release of pro-thrombin intermediates (tissue factors), excessive expression of the enzymes producing active oxygen specie, activating of smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts, and matrices metalloproteinase expression. 6,7 Further, previous studies have shown that the interaction of CD40/CD40L can regulate some steps in the progression of atherosclerosis, and it has also been proven that there is a gradual increase in sCD40L concentration in advanced atherosclerosis. 8 Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is a type 2 membrane glycol-protein, also known as CD26, which could be found in different organs and glands such as thymus, lymph nodes, salivary and milky proximal tubules, and kidney glomeruli.…”

Section: Correlation Of Cd40 and Dpp-4 Concentration With Corrected T...mentioning

confidence: 97%

Correlation of CD40 and DPP-4 Concentration With Corrected TIMI Frame Count in Patients With Coronary Slow Flow

Elyasi

Shamsara

Dastani

et al. 2022

Int J Basic Sci Med

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Introduction: Microvascular and endothelial disorders play a significant role in the pathophysiology of coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP). However, according to previous studies, the etiology of CSFP is not completely understood. As CD40 and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) are reported to play an important role in atherosclerosis process as well as microvascular and the endothelial dysfunction, this study evaluated the role of these two biomarkers in the pathophysiology of CSFP. Methods: One-hundred twenty-nine volunteers who were candidates for angiography and fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected, including 29 patients with coronary artery diseases (CADs) which had less than 50% stenosis (CAD+,<50%) and without CSF, 22 CAD+patients which had 50-90% stenosis (CAD+, 50%-90%) without CSF, 16 CAD+patients with CSF, 22 patients with CSF without stenosis in their arteries, and 40 healthy individuals as controls. The serum levels of CD40 and DPP-4 were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results: There was no significant correlation between the serum concentration of CD40 and the thrombosis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count (P=0.571). However, the serum concentration of CD40 in CAD+patients with CSF was significantly higher than the values in patients without CSF (P=0.022). Moreover, the concentration of DPP-4 in different coronary vessels did not exhibit any significant relation with TIMI score (P=0.763). Conclusion: In the present study, no significant correlation was found between the serum concentrations of CD40 and DPP-4 and the mean corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC). Accordingly, further studies with larger population sizes are needed to investigate the correlation between CD40 and DPP-4 serum levels and CSFP.

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“…It has been reported that inflammation may be a major factor in many cardiovascular events, and may be associated with coronary artery disease. In the past few years, numerous studies have reported on the role of inflammation in SCF [10][11][12]. Therefore, it was further hypothesized that inflammation is involved in the development of SCF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%