“…Zhi et al (2013) investigated 4215 adolescent students aged 12 to 20 and summarized that psychological violence included pressure buildup, interpersonal attacks, verbal aggression and network violence. Largely caused by past bad experiences and current poor conditions ( Xiang and Han, 2019 ; Cprek et al, 2020 ; Gan and Tang, 2020 ), psychological violence is one of the most prevalent forms of violent behaviors at college ( Larranaga and Figueroa, 2011 ), which will influence college students’ future development ( Fontaine and Réveillère, 2004 ; Shen, 2013 ; Fry et al, 2016 ). First, compared with obvious physical violent behaviors, psychological violence is usually more hidden, which makes it easier to ignore its long-term negative consequences, such as depressive states ( Chen et al, 2011 ), posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms ( Shen, 2013 ), poor educational performance ( Tourigny et al, 2008 ; Fry et al, 2016 ; Han et al, 2017 ), and psychological traumatic expressions ( Fontaine and Réveillère, 2004 ).…”