The Link Between Sauna Bathing and Mortality May Be Noncausal—Reply

Laukkanen, Tanjaniina; Khan, Hassan; Zaccardi, Francesco

doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.3432

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In a recent meta-analysis, Laukkanen et al report that lifelong sauna use reduced cardiovascular and all cause mortality, with the largest benefits associated with more frequent sauna use. 57 Although this relationship does not establish causality, 31,58 it is nonetheless an interesting link that is supported by recent investigations. 59-61 PH appears to improve vascular function, with improvements to flow-mediated dilatation, arterial stiffness and blood pressure reported after 8 weeks of PH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…However, there are human data to suggest that local heating at the site of insulin infusion improves postprandial insulin action 28,29 and may benefit long-term glycemic control 29,30 and cardiovascular health in humans. 31 However, the mechanisms by which such an effect may occur in humans remain to be elucidated. Chung et al were the first to demonstrate that passive heating (PH) of mice resulted in an elevation in iHSP70 which was protective against the deleterious effects of consuming a high-fat diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The effect of passive heating on heat shock protein 70 and interleukin-6: A possible treatment tool for metabolic diseases?

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increasing physical activity remains the most widely publicized way of improving health and wellbeing. However, in populations that benefit most from exercise (EX), adherence is often poor and alternatives to EX are important to bring about health improvements. Recent work suggests a role for passive heating (PH) and heat shock proteins (HSP) in improving cardio-metabolic health. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of HSP70 and interleukin-6 in response to either EX or PH and the subsequent effect on glucose control. Fourteen males volunteered and were categorized lean (BMI 23.5 § 2.2 kg¢m ¡2 ) or overweight (29.2 § 2.7 kg¢m ¡2 ) and completed 60 minutes of either moderate cycling at a fixed rate of metabolic heat production (EX) or warm water immersion in 40 C water (PH). Extracellular HSP70 increased from baseline in both conditions with no differences between PH (0.98 § 1.1 ng¢mL ¡1 ) or EX (0.84 § 1.0 ng¢mL ¡1 , p D 0.814). IL-6 increased following both conditions with a two-fold increase after PH and four-fold after EX. Energy expenditure increased by 61.0 § 14.4 kcal¢h ¡1 (79%) after PH. Peak glucose concentration after a meal immediately following PH was reduced when compared with EX (6.3 § 1.4 mmol¢L ¡1 versus 6.8 § 1.2 mmol¢L ¡1 ; p < 0.05). There was no difference in 24-hour glucose area under the curve (AUC) between conditions. These data indicate the potential for thermal therapy as an alternative treatment and management strategy for those at risk of developing metabolic disease where adherence, or ability to EX, may be compromised.

show abstract