The Lipopolysaccharide of Free-living and Bacteroid Forms of Rhizobium leguminosarum

Planqué, K.; Nierop, Jacques J. van; Burgers, A.; Wilkinson, Stephen G.

doi:10.1099/00221287-110-1-151

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…strains undergo changes in LPS structure (14,20,29,33) and outer membrane proteins (10). The chemical composition of pea bacteroid LPS of one strain indicates, however, that there is no major difference in neutral sugars and fatty acids (20). This conclusion is consistent with the observed changes in the LPS structure of R. leguminosarum CFN42 (CE3) during nodulation of bean plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhizobium leguminosarum CFN42 lipopolysaccharide antigenic changes induced by environmental conditions

1992

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Four monoclonal antibodies were raised against the lipopolysaccharide of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli CFN42 grown in tryptone and yeast extract. Two of these antibodies reacted relatively weakly with the lipopolysaccharide of bacteroids of this strain isolated from bean nodules. Growth ex planta of strain CFN42 at low pH, high temperature, low phosphate, or low oxygen concentration also eliminated binding of one or both of these antibodies. Lipopolysaccharide mobility on gel electrophoresis and reaction with other monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal antiserum indicated that the antigenic changes detected by these two antibodies did not represent major changes in lipopolysaccharide structure. The antigenic changes at low pH were dependent on growth of the bacteria but were independent of nitrogen and carbon sources and the rich or minimal quality of the medium. The Sym plasmid of this strain was not required for the changes induced ex planta. Analysis of bacterial mutants inferred to have truncated O-polysaccharides indicated that part, but not all, of the lipopolysaccharide O-polysaccharide portion was required for binding of these two antibodies. In addition, this analysis suggested that O-polysaccharide structures more distal to lipid A than the epitopes themselves were required for the modifications at low pH that prevented antibody binding. Two mutants were antigenically abnormal, even though they had abundant lipopolysaccharides of apparently normal size. One of these two mutants was constitutively unreactive toward three of the antibodies but indistinguishable from the wild type in symbiotic behavior. The other, whose bacteroids retained an epitope normally greatly diminished in bacteroids, was somewhat impaired in nodulation frequency and nodule development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhizobium leguminosarum CFN42 lipopolysaccharide antigenic changes induced by environmental conditions

1992

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“…Weisburg et al (74) were the first to notice that members of Rickettsiaseae have common origin with those of Rhizobiaceae. Interestingly, the alpha-2 subdivision includes gram-negative bacteria such as Rhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, Agrobacterium, Rochalimaea, and Brucella species (18,74), which live in facultative or obligate association with eucaryotic cells (10,11,31,32,44,54,75). In addition to several membrane characteristics shared by most members of the alpha-2 subdivision ( (10,14,31,72).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucella abortus 16S rRNA and lipid A reveal a phylogenetic relationship with members of the alpha-2 subdivision of the class Proteobacteria

et al. 1990

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On the basis of ribosomal 16S sequence comparison, Brucella abortus has been found to be a member of the alpha-2 subdivision of the class Proteobacteria (formerly named purple photosynthetic bacteria and their nonphototrophic relatives). Within the alpha-2 subgroup, brucellae are specifically related to rickettsiae, agrobacteria, and rhizobiae, organisms that also have the faculty or the obligation of living in close association to eucaryotic cells. Comparison of the Brucella lipid composition with that of the other Proteobacteria also suggests a close phylogenetical relationship with members of the alpha-2 subdivision. The genealogical grouping of Brucella species with pericellular and intracellular plant and animal pathogens as well as with intracellular plant symbionts suggests a possible evolution of Brucella species from plant-arthropod-associated bacteria.Members of the genus Brucella are gram-negative facultative intracellular pathogens that induce abortion and severe clinical symptoms in mammals (10, 30). The importance of the disease, mainly in developing countries, is recognized by the considerable economic losses due to infection of domestic animals and by the zoonotic problems caused through the ingestion or contact of contaminated secretions and products (30).Six species of Brucella have been described (10, 30): B. melitensis, B. abortus, B. suis, B. neotomae, B. ovis, and B. canis. This classification has been based mainly on the animal host specificity, susceptibility to dyes, metabolic patterns, phage typing, and serological testing (10, 30). Recently Verger et al. (72), using DNA similarity, challenged the separation of Brucella into different species and proposed a single species only: B. melitensis, containing several biovars. In addition, De-Ley et al. (14) established taxonomic affiliations of Brucella species with members of the Centers for Disease Control group Vd in the rRNA superfamily IV and close relationship of these organisms to members of the family Rhizobiaceae.In preliminary reports on the Brucella 16S rRNA sequence (18) and on lipid A analyses (42, 47; J. W. Cherwonogrodzky, G. Dubray, E. Moreno, and H. Mayer, in K. Nielsen and B. Duncan, ed., Animal Brucellosis, in press), we have suggested, that Brucella species are related to the alpha-2 subdivision of the class Proteobacteria (64), formerly named "purple photosynthetic bacteria and their * Corresponding author. nonphototrophic relatives" (77), which includes phototrophic and chemoorganotrophic organisms (77,78). In the present study we propose that species of the genus Brucella are closely related to gram-negative bacteria, such as agrobacteria, rhizobiae, and rickettsiae, which also form intimate pericellular or intracellular associations with eucaryotic cells. MATERIALS AND METHODSExtraction and purification of LPS. The characteristics and culture conditions of smooth B. abortus 1119-3, smooth B. melitensis 16M, rough B. abortus 45/20, rough B. melitensis B115, B. canis (strain obtained from R. Diaz, University of Navarra,...

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“…Quinovosamine has been reported to be present in the LPS of many other bacterial species (e.g., some P. aeruginosa strains [20], Salmonella spp., Proteus vulgaris [21], Vibrio cholerae [14], and Rhizobium legu'minosarum [27]). In the LPS of P. aeruginosa PAO, another 2,6-dideoxy-2-aminohexose, fucosamine (2,6-dideoxy-2-aminogalactose), was found (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipopolysaccharides of Pseudomonas spp. that stimulate plant growth: composition and use for strain identification

Weger¹,

Jann²,

Jann³

et al. 1987

J Bacteriol

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The outer membrane proteins of a series of fluorescent, root-colonizing, plant-growth-stimulating Pseudomonas spp. having been characterized (L. A. de Weger et al., J. Bacteriol. 165:585-594, 1986), the lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) of these strains were examined. The chemical composition of the LPSs of the three best-studied plant-growth-stimulating Pseudomonas strains WCS358, WCS361, and WCS374 and of P. aeruginosa PAO1 as a reference strain was determined and appeared to differ from strain to strain. The 2,6-dideoxy-2-aminosugar quinovosamine was the most abundant compound in the LPS of strain WCS358. Analysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of purified LPS and of proteinase K-treated cell envelopes revealed ladderlike patterns for most of these strains. These patterns were not substantially influenced by differences in culture conditions. Analysis of proteinase K-treated cell envelopes of 24 root-colonizing Pseudomonas spp. revealed a unique band pattern for each strain, suggesting a great variety in the LPS structures present in these root colonizers. Therefore, electrophoretic analysis of LPS can be used for characterization and identification of the fluorescent root-colonizing Pseudomonas strains.In Dutch fields frequently planted with potatoes, yields are reduced by the accumulation of deleterious microorganisms or their products (28). In pot and field experiments it was shown that bacterization of potato tubers with selected root-colonizing, fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. diminishes or even abolishes yield reductions (9, 18), presumably in a siderophore-mediated way (5, 23). Efficient colonization of the potato root by the plant-growth-stimulating Pseudomonas strain is thought to be very important for yield increase in fields (5). Our selected Pseudomonas spp. are efficient root colonizers, as deduced from the fact that they were isolated from the surface of thoroughly washed roots. It is likely that the bacterial surface plays an important role in the interaction between plant and bacterium. For this and other reasons (7), we are interested in the characteristics of the cell surface of these plant-beneficial Pseudomonas strains.In a previous paper we reported our analysis of the membrane proteins of 30 fluorescent root-colonizing Pseudomonas spp. by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (7). As judged from their patterns, including the proteins induced by Fe3"-limited growth, most strains were mutually distinguishable. Of these 30 strains, 24 were chosen for use in the present study, which is focused on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of these strains.Research on the bacterial LPS structure in correlation with the interaction of a bacterium with plant tissue has been performed preferentially for interactions of plants with pathogenic bacteria (3,11,33,35). However, a recent publication on the composition of the LPS of saprophytic bacteria (4) might reflect increasing interest in this important group of soil bacteria. Our interest in factors that may be inv...

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The Lipopolysaccharide of Free-living and Bacteroid Forms of Rhizobium leguminosarum

Cited by 24 publications

References 14 publications

Rhizobium leguminosarum CFN42 lipopolysaccharide antigenic changes induced by environmental conditions

Rhizobium leguminosarum CFN42 lipopolysaccharide antigenic changes induced by environmental conditions

Brucella abortus 16S rRNA and lipid A reveal a phylogenetic relationship with members of the alpha-2 subdivision of the class Proteobacteria

Lipopolysaccharides of Pseudomonas spp. that stimulate plant growth: composition and use for strain identification

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